A person who focuses on achievement, enjoys activities that involve leadership and persuasion, upholds freedom of exploration.
I am a student from the Republic of Indonesia who is currently studying in Fatih Sultan Mehmet International High School which is the best school in the Republic of Turkey. Along with other students who are representatives from 65 different countries in the world.
I am a writer of five languages (Indonesian, Malaysian, Turkish, English and Arabic) who works actively as a journalist in online and offline media in two countries at once (Indonesia and Turkey). I also wrote several articles and stories and participated in the making of my own novels while continuing my education in high school.
I am a person who has a very high curiosity. So that makes me think broader than other people. Because of a very broad thinking, I managed to find something that other people have never found. Or create something with innovation from the assimilation and acculturation of my thoughts.
I am a person who really likes to share with others, especially knowledge and information. After I succeeded in obtaining or making new knowledge and information I immediately shared it with others. With this knowledge I succeeded in influencing and getting the influence of others through what social media platforms support the dissemination of my information. So as to create a charismatic leadership.
I am a person who is good at management, especially business. I have started my business since the age of eleven with investing in gold. Then I also started a small business by selling snacks at my school. Now my business customers have become international standards and the profit from my investment has reached more than 2000 dollars.
History began when Indonesia entered a revolution that was just free from colonialism. Where at that time there were many movements created by the community to convey their aspirations. Then came a figure like Mohammad Natsir who had a background in the ideology of Islamism. His struggle paid off, he managed to occupy the post of the prime minister which was the highest post after the president at that time. With his central position as prime minister, he succeeded in spreading the ideology of Islamism he had into the government. But unfortunately, it didn't last long. Several years later that position had to be lost and the Masjumi Party which he had formed had to disappear. Can not be separated from all kinds of slander, fighting, and betrayal. Masyumi was accused of being one of the PRRI / Permesta rebels, mostly carried out in Sumatra and several other places. Even though Natsir and Masjumi's intentions were good. They only wanted to save the government which was in chaos being shaken by the international community by forming a temporary government in Sumatra. None other than this is also the incitement of the Indonesian Communist Party, whose relationship they are currently warm with President Sukarno.
The da'wah relay was then continued by Haji Muhammad Karim Abdullah who we know as Buya HAMKA. Now the media of his preaching is no longer through politics but through education. Based on the failure of Natsir's politics, they are looking for new ways to continue spreading their word. Those times were quite difficult, considering that the New Order government at that time was quite a dictator. They cannot move widely in conveying the message. One bit, the law and even life will play with them. Hamka's education was classified as successful with the establishment of Al Azhar college as the largest Islamic university in Indonesia at that time. Also in those years, many Indonesians went to the Middle East and other countries to deepen Islam. The New Order relaxed somewhat during the last ten years of Suharto's rule. The government can be said to be more siding with Muslims than in previous years which always suppressed all kinds of Islamic movements.
1997-1998 was the period of national reform. Where people have flocked to form organizations that had previously been banned for 32 years. Indonesia, which has lost its freedom of opinion, again wants to voice its opinion which has been silent for 32 years. And one of the organizations that raise opinions is KAMMI, the Indonesian Muslim Student Action Unit. Formed by Fahri Hamzah and friends who were also the first leaders of the national student organization.
KAMMI started as Indonesian students in the Middle East who returned to their homeland. They want to convey the knowledge they get there to the Indonesian people. But unfortunately, they coincided with the new order which did not provide an opportunity to convey aspirations. Finally, they conveyed it secretly in campus mosques targeting students as the end of the youth milestone. They formed a kind of association in a mosque and conveyed the knowledge they got in the Middle East. Then the association turned into a movement and organization associated with the weakening of the New Order government. They were also one of the participants who succeeded in overthrowing the new order from the government.
After the end of the new order, there was an opportunity for all people to enter into government politics with the formation of many new parties. KAMMI officials also decided to continue the da'wah relay of Mohammad Natsir, which had been suspended for 38 years. By forming a new party called the Justice Party, it continued in the footsteps of the Masyumi Party's preaching. In 2002 the party changed its name to the Prosperous Justice Party due to its defeat in the 1998 elections. Until now, the Prosperous Justice Party has become one of the major parties in Indonesia with its highest position as chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly.
Education and government are two
things that cannot be separated from preaching. With these two things, we can
win people's hearts from all sides. Rasulullah did the same thing so that Islam
once controlled two-thirds of the world.
Entering the 21st century, nationalism is no longer a new item. Now it has become an official ideology in most countries of the world including Indonesia. Our great leader Bung Karno deliberately chose the teachings of nationalism as the foundation for the success of every Indonesian citizen. With nationalism, we can love and be more proud of our homeland. Simply, President Soekarno launched his action to spread the ideology of Pancasila with the help of nationalism to spread to all the people of Indonesia. But what exactly and where did nationalism come from as we know it?
Nationalism was born around the end of the 19th century, at which time the kingdom was the most widely used system of government in the world. Nationalism is also the aftermath of the French Revolution in the 18th century who wanted an absolute democracy in which power was truly full in the hands of the people not in the hands of the state or royal rulers. In this century too many countries that carried out the revolution left the kingdom system which tends to be feudalist and impartial towards a more democratic republic. With the principle of nationalism, they rebelled against the kingdom and formed self-government as happened in the Russian Tsar empire, German Wilhelm, Ottoman Turkey, and others. And a small part of nationalism turned into fascism that was too fanatical with its people so that it denigrated and even fought a nation that was not the same as it was in Germany.
But behind all these revolutions, it was not purely the desire of the people themselves but a suffered. This is evidenced by the peace of the people under the auspices of the kingdom for centuries and only wants a revolution in the 19th and 20th centuries. Something that doesn't make sense. If the people are not satisfied and the royal system is a broken system, why only in that century did the people ask for a revolution. This is only part of the plan of the global elite who want the world to submit to a power.
Before the world war, the people were under the authority of the kingdom that led it. Then the only way to take power is to invite the people to want to be released from the kingdom. but simply not the lure of the pure democracy they will get. But a mastery of the global elite wrapped neatly with democracy. If the people are not successfully instigated, they will pit one against between two or three more kingdoms so that the kingdom will gradually lose its territory and people. That is what happened in the two world wars. Where there are two groups but are in the same instigator. They make themselves look good by giving debt. But actually, debt is a trap so they can control the economy of a country. By indebtedness, we indirectly give power to the group that gives debt.
The same thing happened to the Ottoman Caliphs which initially all Muslim countries were under the auspices of one caliph. But because of many intruders, intelligence, incitement, suffered and other caliphs this one was split into many countries. They used the name nationalism as the strongest reason to separate themselves into an independent state. Finally, the caliphs with a glorious past story lost its power and lost itself.
Now
the glory of the big countries is only a memory. We must accept
the fact that we are now under the power of a global elite. Their ways are very cunning and dirty in
taking advantage of all over the world. Something that we think is good keeps all the very bad
secrets. The only way we can do it is to tie the community's understanding of what is.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, a figure known as the father of
the Turkish nation. Which changed the country of the two continents to a more
modern direction. In historical records, Ataturk is quite a controversial
figure. On the one hand, he is seen as having made a big difference to the
tulip-producing country, but on the other hand, he is known as the enemy of
Islam. Is an intelligent person who has unique thinking that makes some people
confused and amazed at him. Many assumptions say that this son of Zübeyde Hanım
is not accepted by Turkish society, but the reality on the ground is much
different. His photos were everywhere until there was a memorial of his death
known as Atatürk'ü Anma Günü
The figure and military career of the father of the nation
Born in the city of Selanik (Thessaloniki), Greece on May 19, 1881. He only has the real name, Mustafa. This was related to the Ottoman culture which only named children with one word. He was raised by Zübeyde Hanım after his father, Ali Rıza Efendi, who worked as a customs clerk, died when Mustafa was 7 years old. In history, the titles Efendi and Hanım only got their parents when Ataturk served as president of the Turkish republic.
From childhood, he was a smart figure. This was proven when he was in grade 4 elementary school and managed to achieve perfect scores which are rarely obtained by students in general. His military education began in secondary school at the military school Selanik and Manastır (Bitola), both centers of anti-Turkish Greek nationalism. His math teacher nicknamed him Kemal which means perfection because of his seemingly flawless intelligence. He graduated in 1905 with the rank of a lieutenant who was immediately sent to serve in Damascus. In Damascus, he immediately joined the secret group Vatan ve Hürriyet (Motherland and Freedom) which was an active opponent of the Ottoman Empire. Two years later he returned to Selanik and joined the Jön Türkler (Young Turks Movement) group.
He had brilliant achievements in the military so that in 1908 he had become a central figure who overthrew Sultan Abdülhamid II. His military career continued to rise until he became a commander at the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915. Where the Ottomans were in the central bloc with Germany against allies, namely Britain and France. Due to his success in preventing the allies from taking Ottoman rule in Istanbul via the Gallipoli Peninsula, he won the honorary titles of Gazi (the title of a hero who won the war) and Paşa (the honorary title of the Ottoman statesman).
His military career was
not always smooth, even though he had many achievements. It was proven in 1917
that he failed to fight against the Arab rebellion in Hejaz and to defend
Palestine which was piggybacked and controlled by the British. Because he was
pressured by the situation, he only chose to defend the territory of Turkey
which has been controlled to date. He is dubbed by some as an Islamic hero
because of his services in defending the Muslims from British attacks.
Political Career
Mustafa's revolution began in 1919 with the Amasya declaration formed by officers who supported the Young Turks movement. They felt dissatisfied with the government of the Ottoman Empire, which was retreating over time. So, they create a rival government in Ankara that uses a democratic system. This resulted in the Istanbul government increasingly losing its prestige and the people increasingly siding with the modern Ankara government.
With the formation of the Supreme National Council in Ankara, Mustafa was elected as the first prime minister of Turkey in 1920 to have complete control over Turkey. In contrast to Sultan Vahdettin, who at that time had no power and was only used as a symbol of the state. Until finally in 1922 the Ottoman Empire completely disappeared from the world. So that the most entitled to inherit the position were Mustafa who then declared the Republic of Turkey and himself as the first president and immediately took over all the assets owned by the Ottoman Empire.
When Turkey was carrying out a revolution, it did not necessarily change all aspects directly, but slowly adjusted to the needs of society. Although the Ottomans had collapsed, the caliphate continued until 1924 which was held by Abdülmecid II. The Khilafah is nothing more than a symbol of Muslim unity. Mustafa abolished the caliphate which according to him was a disease of the modern age. He also began eliminating Arabic characters and replacing them with Latin characters in the official Turkish spelling. Converts everything Arabic to Turkish to be understood by everyone. Changing all aspects from economic, social, political, and educational to including dress code. She is a strong advocate for women's freedom and gender equality. Regarding education, he is no joke, he wrote a book on education curriculum in Turkey so that he was nicknamed Başöğretmen (professor).
It
was not until 1934 that the Supreme Council of Turkey granted him the title
Atatürk in his last name. There is a lot of controversy in it that seems to
confirm his dictatorship during his presidency. But not a few also do not make
a problem because he served to Turkey. During his leadership, Turkey
implemented a one-party system with the CHP Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (Republican
People's Party) as the sole ruler.
Dead
Due to his habit of drinking alcohol, smoking, and having free sex, his health diminished over time. He also died at Dolmabahçe İstanbul Palace on November 10, 1938, at 09.05. It is also during this time that the Turkish community observes a moment of silence to commemorate his death.
He
willed that all his assets be used for the budget of the CHP Party, his
children, and relatives. The management of his body is carried out privately
using Islamic law. Then he was brought back to Ankara to follow government
funeral procedures. His relatives plan to preserve his remains. But as his body
became increasingly damaged, he was placed in a 42-ton macrophage housed in the
Ankara Ethnographic Museum before being transferred to Anıtkabir 15 years later.
Turkey's view of Ataturk
He is a hero of the Turks who saved them from colonialism and especially the ignorance that enveloped them during the Ottoman Empire. The Turks were a knight nation who liked to fight and were loyal to their superiors. Because it made some Ottoman sultans after the time of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman too obedient to Sufi scholars who did not love the world and change. So that scholars forbid new knowledge and can only teach Islam textually without logic. This period is the same as the dark ages of Europe which were ruled by priests who did not allow the people to think freely. In contrast to the Abbasids who had been the center of world knowledge for centuries. Coupled with the betrayal and corrupt practices committed by Janisary (Ottoman military). So that the Ottoman economic situation was getting worse and entangled in debt. The decline also occurred because there was no specific vision of the Ottoman sultans in building the country after the triumph of those who had conquered Byzantine and other areas. As if they only want to be in power without wanting to be responsible for governing the country.
Then came a reformer, namely Sultan Mahmud II, who carried out a revolution in the Ottomans but failed due to the unpreparedness of his people in facing science and the world economy because they had been isolated from the world for centuries. So, the destruction of the Ottomans is not an external factor but an internal factor itself that has been corrupted from within. Therefore, Ataturk took the initiative to carry out reforms in Turkey by eliminating the Ottoman Sultanate which was deemed to have failed to reform. He is also known as the voice of freedom. So that in his time he no longer obliged Sharia law, gave freedom of thought and opinion as widely as possible, and leveled the social class that was lame during the Ottoman era.
The view as an enemy of Islam
He is suspected of being a Jewish agent who was specially educated to destroy the Ottomans from within. Is one of the global elite stooges who want to rule the world but are blocked by two empires, each of which controls the east and west. Namely the Ottoman Turks and Tsarist Russia. Where in Russia was included the figure of Vladimir Lenin who changed ideology to become communist and Mustafa Kemal in Turkey who changed ideology to become secular. The Gallipoli War was only a work of British setting so that Ataturk could win over the people's hearts and could easily take over from the Ottoman Turks which made it easier for the global elite to rule the world.
His odd death is also considered a
punishment that God has given him. Because he was the one who abolished the
caliphate that had stood for 14 centuries. As well as his efforts to eliminate
the light of Islam that has shone brightly for 6 centuries in Turkey.
In essence, it all depends on how we look. It is necessary to know that
each human being has his purpose and purpose in carrying out an action that is
only his secret. But so far, the Turks still regard him as a national hero.
They respect him either out of self-awareness or compulsion because it has been
regulated by law.
Turkey, a country that is very strategically located between two continents, has made it the center of world civilization that has been going on since the beginning of the Middle Ages until now. Nothing wrong with the Republic of Turkey is the second-largest place for Indonesian students after Egypt. And most Indonesian students here are studying general science which makes it another option as a student paradise after the UK (United Kingdom), USA (United States of America), Germany, and other countries. Besides, the Republic of Turkey has a high religious value based on the historical background of the Ottoman Sultanate which makes it a more choice as a place of study for Muslim students from Indonesia. And Turkey has now since the leadership of President Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan becomes the center of civilization for world science, especially the Islamic world.
Indonesian students now have a special place in Turkish society. Some Turkish people are happy with the presence of Indonesian students who are known to have intelligence and hard work more than other foreign students. But is the relationship between Indonesia and Turkey only about education? It turns out that all did not happen by accident but had a series of histories that colored the relationship between the Republic of Indonesia and the Republic of Turkey.
Starting from the all-powerful event that destroyed mankind during the prophetic period of Noah, the US. Where there was a great flood that devastated the world in its entirety. All mankind perished, only Prophet Noah (AS) and his followers remained. After the great flood, the big ark landed on the land of Anatolia (present-day Turkey) and is said to have now become a mount called Mount Ağrı. Then the Prophet Noah divided his people into 3 groups, each of which was led by a son. The first group was led by Sam, who became the forerunner of the descendants of the Arabs who originally settled in Central Asia. The second group was led by Ham who became the forerunner of the African nation which still lives in the Arika region. The latter was a group led by the Yafists who became the forerunners of the Mongols who settled in Sundaland (possibly the Atlantic called by Plato).
These Yafist descendants later became the center of human civilization at that time. With technological advances that have defeated other nations. Sundaland also has a wide variety of biodiversity and very rich natural resources. Just like the archipelago today. Until finally the nation's civilization was destroyed with a very devastating natural disaster which resulted in the sinking of part of the Sundaland area so that it was divided into various islands. The Yafists then scattered to find shelter, mostly going to Mongol territory. This history happened exactly as told by Plato about Atlantis.
Several centuries later the Mongol people who were synonymous with nomadic nations scattered about looking for new areas to live in. One group has returned to the Sundaland region (which has become the archipelago) which became the ancestral origin of the Indonesian nation. There is one group called Ya'juj Ma'juj who love to do damage. Ya'juj Ma'juj have 21 tribes, which in the end King Zulkarnain acted to lock up the 21 tribes inside a very strong wall. The greatest king who obeyed Allah, the ruler of the east and west of the world. But unfortunately, only 20 tribes were successfully locked up, the rest were left behind so people call them the Türk tribe, which comes from Arabic الترك which means left behind. The Türk tribe then turned into a large nation which then split up as was the custom of their ancestors. Finally, in the Abbasid era, the Turks began to embrace Islam and were assigned to protect the land of Anatolia (Asia Minor) from the attacks of the East Romans. Until in the end, the Abbasids collapsed due to the Mongol invasion by Hulagu Khan, who was still related to the Turkic people. But the Turks did not betray the Abbasids and thus kept the Anatolian lands even though the dynasty had collapsed. After knowing that no one else was home to them, the Turks began to build a new dynasty known as the Selçuklu Devleti (Seljuk State) which inherited the Abbasid caliphate which had been divided into Mamluks in Egypt and Seljuks in Anatolia. Two centuries later Selcuk also collapsed due to the Mongol invasion again in the late 13th century
The initiative then emerged in a town called SoÄŸut in Anatolia. Osman Gazi was based on his dream of reuniting the tribes that had separated after the fall of the Seljuks. Assisted by Shaykh Edebali who was his teacher and father-in-law, and the position of his father ErtuÄŸrul Gazi who was the leader of the tribes and regions made it easy to unite the tribes that became the forerunners of the largest Islamic empire that ruled from West Africa to Uzak DoÄŸu (the Far East means Archipelago region).
This dynasty was given the name Osmanlı Devleti (Ottoman State), after the name of the imperial founder. Until finally 2 centuries after the incident, to be precise in 1413 Çelebi Sultan Mehmet (5th Ottoman Sultan) had a dream from the Prophet to send a messenger to Uzak Doğu (Nusantara) as a mission to preach Islam. Then 9 people were selected selectively by the Sultan, consisting of scholars and habibs, one of which was Shaykh Jumadil Kubro and his son Maulana Malik Ibrahim (Sunan Gresik) who came from Uzbekistan.
Shaykh Jumadil Kubro went to Sulawesi while Sunan Gresik went to Champa Kingdom (present Cambodia) and married the royal princess before going to Java. At that time the ruling king was Brawijaya from Majapahit who had a wife named Siu Ban Chi (son of Shaykh Bantiong from East Turkistan / Uygur) who was a relative of Sunan Gresik. He then had a son named Raden Fatah who was the founder of the Demak Kingdom. Namely, the kingdom which later inherited Majapahit (because Raden Fatah was still a descendant of Brawijaya) so that it became the center of the Islamic kingdom's civilization at that time. In 1479 Raden Fatah was brought to Istanbul and inaugurated by Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Sultan Muhammad Al Fatih, the 7th Sultan of the Ottoman). De facto the archipelago (former Majapahit and Demak) was controlled by the Utsmani Khilafahan.
In 1527, Indonesia experienced a conquest similar to what happened 76 years ago in Istanbul. The conquerors were both named Fatih or what we now call Fatahillah. The lands he conquered would later become the capital of a great nation. And the foundation is still the same, "Inna fatahna laka fathan mubina." A symbol of freedom and victory. At that time Sunda Kelapa was controlled by the Portuguese who were carrying out Christianization and territorial monopoly. Fatahillah (who is Raden Fatah's son-in-law) immediately took action to fight back. In the name of Allah, he finally managed to free the city and gave it the name Fathan Mubina (in the local language it is called Jayakarta or Jakarta). Like Constantinople which changed its name to Fatih City (the last area of Constantinople which is located inside the fort which is now a district of Istanbul City).
The relationship between the Uthmani Khilafah and the Archipelago did not only occur in Java. But it also happened in the Sultanate of Aceh, which is in the western part of the archipelago. Beginning in 1565, Aceh became the de facto Ottoman territory. Namely during the reign of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman (Sulaiman Agung, the 10th Ottoman Sultan), at which time the Ottomans were at their peak. Until finally, when the Portuguese and Dutch colonization occurred in the Sultanate of Aceh, it could not be separated from the assistance of the Ottoman, who was then led by Sultan Abdülhamid 2 (the last Islamic caliph in full power). Because of his massive assistance, Aceh became the only area that was never controlled by the Dutch.
Until 1922-1945 the Yogyakarta and Surakarta palaces (continued dynasty of the Demak Kingdom) were the last remaining Ottoman de facto areas in Indonesia. This was proven by the existence of the caliphate banner that was given by the Utsmani to Yogyakarta. After the collapse of the Ottomans in 1922 many Muslim countries lost their fathers. The same fate was felt by the Yogyakarta Palace which had to fight the Dutch alone. Until finally 23 years later the independence of the Republic of Indonesia was proclaimed which was also assisted by Yogyakarta. Indirectly, the Utsmani also played a role in the achievement of Indonesian independence.
Not only that, but President Soekarno also began to introduce the songkok which is a type of Fes (the cap of the sultan and the Ottoman aristocrat). Until finally it became an official object used in Indonesia and some other Malay countries. President Soekarno also participated in finding Imam Bukhari's tomb which was a joy for the people of Uzbekistan (Uzbekistan is also still of Turkic descent). None other than remuneration for Islamization in Indonesia by Sunan Gresik, who came from Uzbekistan.
In short, Indonesia would
never have become a country with the largest Muslim population in the world
without the participation of the Ottoman Empire. Even though in some historical
records it is said that one of the prophet's companions had stopped in Sumatra
to preach Islam. Maybe if that was all that happened, the spread of Islam had
never run massively and maybe it would only have spread on the island of
Sumatra. And it is impossible to penetrate the 209.12 million people as it is
today.
As president of the Republic of Turkey, Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan is
widely heard in various media. From his achievements to bring the glory of the
Republic of Turkey when he was prime minister and president to his bravery in
the international political arena. His vision has earned him the reputation of
being one of the most influential figures in the Islamic world of the 21st
century and earning him the nickname "European Lion." What is the
true figure of a leader with a strong vision and how far has his career gone
from then until now? Let's see.
Childhood
Born in BeyoÄŸlu district located in the metropolitan city of Istanbul, Turkey on February 26, 1954. Born with the real name Recep Tayyip. His parents named him Recep because he was born to coincide with the month of Rajab. And there used to be a high priest named Tayyip so he also called him by that name which means goodness. Erdogan is his surname which comes from his father Captain Ahmet ErdoÄŸan, a Turkish Navy Officer in charge of guarding the Black sea coastline. His father's family came from Georgia and his mother's family came from Kurdistan, but because Georgia and Kurdistan were one country (Ottoman Turkey) then he still holds the status of a Turkish citizen.
His childhood was spent in Rize with 4 other siblings. A city on the coast of the Black Sea. He was born in a difficult family situation that forced him to earn money from childhood by selling snacks. Then he collected the money from the sale to buy several books. He is known as a bookworm. His basic education begins in the city of Istanbul with formal education. He began to receive intensive religious education at Ä°stanbul Ä°mam Hatip Lisesi (high school) which is adjacent to International Fatih Sultan Mehmet Ä°mam Hatip Lisesi which is now the benchmark for all Imam Hatip schools in Turkey and several places in the world.
During
his education in high school, he pursued his hobby as a footballer at the
Camıaltıspor club. While working on the side at the Istanbul transportation
company (Ä°ETT) as a minor employee. Then he continued his undergraduate
education at the University of Marmara, Faculty of economics and business while
continuing his hobby of playing football at a semi-amateur club called Erokspor
which is owned by BeyoÄŸlu District.
Political Career
His political career began in 1975 where he was elected chairman of the Istanbul city branch of the National Salvation Party (MSP). After the coup in 1980, several parties were banned and including one of them (MSP). Therefore Erdogan followed in the footsteps of his teacher Prof. Necmettin Erbakan, who formed a new party, namely the Refah Partisi (Welfare Party). In 1982 he was elected chairman of the BeyoÄŸlu district branch of the Welfare Party and within 3 years he rose to prominence as chairman of the Istanbul City Welfare Party. His career journey has not always been smooth, he has participated in the mayoral election for the BeyoÄŸlu district but failed, as did the election of people's representatives for the Province of Siirt and Istanbul in the next period. Until finally on the third try, he succeeded in becoming the people's representative of the Istanbul Province. Due to the Welfare Party's soaring votes exceeding 10% in 1991. In 1994 the Welfare Party became the largest party in Turkey in the local elections which made it elected as Metropolitan Mayor of Great Istanbul.
Due to his achievements during his tenure as mayor, he managed to take a public image. Coupled with some controversy that makes people curious about his figure. This is evidenced by some of his poetry which is considered too striking against Islam and his courage to convey it directly in the community, making him sentenced to prison for several months. Because the state considers itself to have violated the secular ideology that has been adhered to by Turkey for decades.
In 1997 there was another coup which led to the resignation of the then prime minister of Turkey Necmettin Erbakan and the banning of the Welfare Party from politics. Then Erdogan took the initiative to take swift action by forming a new party, namely the AKP (Justice and Development Party) with the permission of his teacher Erbakan Hoca. Until finally with the party, he was elected Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey in 2004 who served for two terms. This is a surprising result considering that the party which is not more than 5 years old has managed to control more than half of the parliament which made it elected prime minister. Not only that, the people of Turkey still gave their trust to hold the mandate as President of the Republic of Turkey since 2014.
At the age of office, he was almost six years old. Regardless of who will replace him, there has been a lot of controversy and twists and turns that have occurred throughout his tenure. One thing that may confuse us. Why is the militancy force of Erdogan's supporters so great compared to us in Indonesia? It turns out that the secret is in Erdogan who socializes to the wider community without distinguishing whoever it is. For him, in life, there is no eternal enemy so that he can embrace all the beliefs of society. Even though we know, Erdogan is an Islamist person. It should be noted, the ideology of secularism has succeeded in changing 70-75% of the Turkish people who previously had Islamic ideology under the auspices of the Ottoman Turks. So it will be a difficult challenge for Erdogan if he only takes the trust of Islamic circles. So he uses a slow da'wah strategy where he does not spread hatred and prohibition against people who do not implement Islamic law. He also slowly changed the law to something more Islamic. So that currently the ideology of Erdoganism is known, which wants to replace the current Kemalism and change Turkey back to its heyday in the days of the Ottoman Empire.
During his tenure, he succeeded in bringing Turkey to something more modern and viewed by the world. Now Turkey has become one of the countries chosen to become a world civilization from the economic, social, and the biggest is education. Even though during his leadership there was a lot of hatred from outside and inside. Starting from the economic crisis that Turkey experienced in 2017 to its confrontation with the PKK and the Syrian conflict. Until at its peak there was a coup that wanted to overthrow him on July 15, 2016.
Erdogan and the Coup Incident
There is something unique about this coup. Throughout the history
of Turkish politics, it is quite hot, where there have been 4 coups, and only
this time it failed. Although there are many victims from the civilian and
military circles. Due to Erdogan's charisma before his people, most loved him
and were even willing to die to defend himself at the top of the leadership
hierarchy of the Republic of Turkey. Back again because Erdogan managed to win
the hearts of his people peacefully. In contrast to the coup of President Mursi
in 2013, where he was successfully deposed and jailed for his mistakes in
changing Egypt. The situation in Egypt at that time was the same as that of a
secular Turkey. But suddenly Mursi immediately changed everything to be based
on sharia so that he lost most of the trust of his people who would have helped
him when the coup was launched.
Not everyone likes Erdogan
Although his achievements are extraordinary, not a few people hate his figure. Many have accused Erdogan of only wanting to take the voice of the world's Muslims for the benefit of his promotion. The 2016 coup was thought to be just a scenario to win over the Turkish people. Erdogan's figure lately is too 'embracing' so that he seems to submit to superpowers like America and Russia. He had lost his reputation for being brave and not submitting to anyone in his early tenure. Mastery of his native language seems to be lacking because he always uses Turkish at every international meeting. Back again to introduce the Turkish language to the world. His glamorous habits make some people comment that there are still poor people who need this money rather than for their lifestyle.
In
essence, it all depends on where our perspective is looking. It is also
inseparable that each person has their secrets and intentions in doing
something. Based on the facts, there are still more people who like him than
people who hate him. Erdogan, the European Lion.
When Zulaikha pursued Yusuf's love, Allah kept Yusuf away from him. When Zulaikha pursued Allah's love, Allah brought Joseph closer to him. QS. Yusuf: 23-53
Let us now look back at history. Is it from Chaliph Muawwiyah (Ummayah Dynasty) to Caliph Abdülmecid 2 (Ottoman Dynasty) included in the criteria of a caliphate? no bro!
Those who fall into the category of caliphate according to the words of the prophet are the only Khulafaurrasyidin. The rest adhered to a royal system that adopted unilateral thinking and feudalism. And is such a caliphate system what we want?
Many of us are mistaken in seeing the meaning of the caliphate. Actually, the caliphate is the realization of the struggle, not the goal of the struggle.
Returning to the true goal of Islam, namely rahmatan lil 'alamin. Which gives peace to the world. So it is wrong if we establish a caliphate without looking at the benefit of other people.
Peace can never exist without prosperity. Prosperity can never exist without justice. And justice can never exist without unity.
In simple terms, what we have to do now is how to build unity over all mankind and throw away all self-interest and group interests. But that is impossible. So Islam exists as an intermediary for this. With the Al Quran being revealed systematically and content, it becomes a tool to enforce justice.
Forget the Islamic country. Our job is how to invite people to the path of justice. Without coercion and bloodshed. And the caliphate will gradually present itself.
Welcome to the New World Order ...
History began when Indonesia entered a revolution that was just free from colonialism. Where at that time there were many movements created by the community to convey their aspirations. Then came a figure like Mohammad Natsir who had a background in the ideology of Islamism. His struggle paid off, he managed to occupy the post of the prime minister which was the highest post after the president at that time. With his central position as prime minister, he succeeded in spreading the ideology of Islamism he had into the government. But unfortunately, it didn't last long. Several years later that position had to be lost and the Masjumi Party which he had formed had to disappear. Can not be separated from all kinds of slander, fighting, and betrayal. Masyumi was accused of being one of the PRRI / Permesta rebels, mostly carried out in Sumatra and several other places. Even though Natsir and Masjumi's intentions were good. They only wanted to save the government which was in chaos being shaken by the international community by forming a temporary government in Sumatra. None other than this is also the incitement of the Indonesian Communist Party, whose relationship they are currently warm with President Sukarno.
The da'wah relay was then continued by Haji Muhammad Karim Abdullah who we know as Buya HAMKA. Now the media of his preaching is no longer through politics but through education. Based on the failure of Natsir's politics, they are looking for new ways to continue spreading their word. Those times were quite difficult, considering that the New Order government at that time was quite a dictator. They cannot move widely in conveying the message. One bit, the law and even life will play with them. Hamka's education was classified as successful with the establishment of Al Azhar college as the largest Islamic university in Indonesia at that time. Also in those years, many Indonesians went to the Middle East and other countries to deepen Islam. The New Order relaxed somewhat during the last ten years of Suharto's rule. The government can be said to be more siding with Muslims than in previous years which always suppressed all kinds of Islamic movements.
1997-1998 was the period of national reform. Where people have flocked to form organizations that had previously been banned for 32 years. Indonesia, which has lost its freedom of opinion, again wants to voice its opinion which has been silent for 32 years. And one of the organizations that raise opinions is KAMMI, the Indonesian Muslim Student Action Unit. Formed by Fahri Hamzah and friends who were also the first leaders of the national student organization.
KAMMI started as Indonesian students in the Middle East who returned to their homeland. They want to convey the knowledge they get there to the Indonesian people. But unfortunately, they coincided with the new order which did not provide an opportunity to convey aspirations. Finally, they conveyed it secretly in campus mosques targeting students as the end of the youth milestone. They formed a kind of association in a mosque and conveyed the knowledge they got in the Middle East. Then the association turned into a movement and organization associated with the weakening of the New Order government. They were also one of the participants who succeeded in overthrowing the new order from the government.
After the end of the new order, there was an opportunity for all people to enter into government politics with the formation of many new parties. KAMMI officials also decided to continue the da'wah relay of Mohammad Natsir, which had been suspended for 38 years. By forming a new party called the Justice Party, it continued in the footsteps of the Masyumi Party's preaching. In 2002 the party changed its name to the Prosperous Justice Party due to its defeat in the 1998 elections. Until now, the Prosperous Justice Party has become one of the major parties in Indonesia with its highest position as chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly.
Education and government are two
things that cannot be separated from preaching. With these two things, we can
win people's hearts from all sides. Rasulullah did the same thing so that Islam
once controlled two-thirds of the world.
Entering the 21st century, nationalism is no longer a new item. Now it has become an official ideology in most countries of the world including Indonesia. Our great leader Bung Karno deliberately chose the teachings of nationalism as the foundation for the success of every Indonesian citizen. With nationalism, we can love and be more proud of our homeland. Simply, President Soekarno launched his action to spread the ideology of Pancasila with the help of nationalism to spread to all the people of Indonesia. But what exactly and where did nationalism come from as we know it?
Nationalism was born around the end of the 19th century, at which time the kingdom was the most widely used system of government in the world. Nationalism is also the aftermath of the French Revolution in the 18th century who wanted an absolute democracy in which power was truly full in the hands of the people not in the hands of the state or royal rulers. In this century too many countries that carried out the revolution left the kingdom system which tends to be feudalist and impartial towards a more democratic republic. With the principle of nationalism, they rebelled against the kingdom and formed self-government as happened in the Russian Tsar empire, German Wilhelm, Ottoman Turkey, and others. And a small part of nationalism turned into fascism that was too fanatical with its people so that it denigrated and even fought a nation that was not the same as it was in Germany.
But behind all these revolutions, it was not purely the desire of the people themselves but a suffered. This is evidenced by the peace of the people under the auspices of the kingdom for centuries and only wants a revolution in the 19th and 20th centuries. Something that doesn't make sense. If the people are not satisfied and the royal system is a broken system, why only in that century did the people ask for a revolution. This is only part of the plan of the global elite who want the world to submit to a power.
Before the world war, the people were under the authority of the kingdom that led it. Then the only way to take power is to invite the people to want to be released from the kingdom. but simply not the lure of the pure democracy they will get. But a mastery of the global elite wrapped neatly with democracy. If the people are not successfully instigated, they will pit one against between two or three more kingdoms so that the kingdom will gradually lose its territory and people. That is what happened in the two world wars. Where there are two groups but are in the same instigator. They make themselves look good by giving debt. But actually, debt is a trap so they can control the economy of a country. By indebtedness, we indirectly give power to the group that gives debt.
The same thing happened to the Ottoman Caliphs which initially all Muslim countries were under the auspices of one caliph. But because of many intruders, intelligence, incitement, suffered and other caliphs this one was split into many countries. They used the name nationalism as the strongest reason to separate themselves into an independent state. Finally, the caliphs with a glorious past story lost its power and lost itself.
Now
the glory of the big countries is only a memory. We must accept
the fact that we are now under the power of a global elite. Their ways are very cunning and dirty in
taking advantage of all over the world. Something that we think is good keeps all the very bad
secrets. The only way we can do it is to tie the community's understanding of what is.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, a figure known as the father of
the Turkish nation. Which changed the country of the two continents to a more
modern direction. In historical records, Ataturk is quite a controversial
figure. On the one hand, he is seen as having made a big difference to the
tulip-producing country, but on the other hand, he is known as the enemy of
Islam. Is an intelligent person who has unique thinking that makes some people
confused and amazed at him. Many assumptions say that this son of Zübeyde Hanım
is not accepted by Turkish society, but the reality on the ground is much
different. His photos were everywhere until there was a memorial of his death
known as Atatürk'ü Anma Günü
The figure and military career of the father of the nation
Born in the city of Selanik (Thessaloniki), Greece on May 19, 1881. He only has the real name, Mustafa. This was related to the Ottoman culture which only named children with one word. He was raised by Zübeyde Hanım after his father, Ali Rıza Efendi, who worked as a customs clerk, died when Mustafa was 7 years old. In history, the titles Efendi and Hanım only got their parents when Ataturk served as president of the Turkish republic.
From childhood, he was a smart figure. This was proven when he was in grade 4 elementary school and managed to achieve perfect scores which are rarely obtained by students in general. His military education began in secondary school at the military school Selanik and Manastır (Bitola), both centers of anti-Turkish Greek nationalism. His math teacher nicknamed him Kemal which means perfection because of his seemingly flawless intelligence. He graduated in 1905 with the rank of a lieutenant who was immediately sent to serve in Damascus. In Damascus, he immediately joined the secret group Vatan ve Hürriyet (Motherland and Freedom) which was an active opponent of the Ottoman Empire. Two years later he returned to Selanik and joined the Jön Türkler (Young Turks Movement) group.
He had brilliant achievements in the military so that in 1908 he had become a central figure who overthrew Sultan Abdülhamid II. His military career continued to rise until he became a commander at the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915. Where the Ottomans were in the central bloc with Germany against allies, namely Britain and France. Due to his success in preventing the allies from taking Ottoman rule in Istanbul via the Gallipoli Peninsula, he won the honorary titles of Gazi (the title of a hero who won the war) and Paşa (the honorary title of the Ottoman statesman).
His military career was
not always smooth, even though he had many achievements. It was proven in 1917
that he failed to fight against the Arab rebellion in Hejaz and to defend
Palestine which was piggybacked and controlled by the British. Because he was
pressured by the situation, he only chose to defend the territory of Turkey
which has been controlled to date. He is dubbed by some as an Islamic hero
because of his services in defending the Muslims from British attacks.
Political Career
Mustafa's revolution began in 1919 with the Amasya declaration formed by officers who supported the Young Turks movement. They felt dissatisfied with the government of the Ottoman Empire, which was retreating over time. So, they create a rival government in Ankara that uses a democratic system. This resulted in the Istanbul government increasingly losing its prestige and the people increasingly siding with the modern Ankara government.
With the formation of the Supreme National Council in Ankara, Mustafa was elected as the first prime minister of Turkey in 1920 to have complete control over Turkey. In contrast to Sultan Vahdettin, who at that time had no power and was only used as a symbol of the state. Until finally in 1922 the Ottoman Empire completely disappeared from the world. So that the most entitled to inherit the position were Mustafa who then declared the Republic of Turkey and himself as the first president and immediately took over all the assets owned by the Ottoman Empire.
When Turkey was carrying out a revolution, it did not necessarily change all aspects directly, but slowly adjusted to the needs of society. Although the Ottomans had collapsed, the caliphate continued until 1924 which was held by Abdülmecid II. The Khilafah is nothing more than a symbol of Muslim unity. Mustafa abolished the caliphate which according to him was a disease of the modern age. He also began eliminating Arabic characters and replacing them with Latin characters in the official Turkish spelling. Converts everything Arabic to Turkish to be understood by everyone. Changing all aspects from economic, social, political, and educational to including dress code. She is a strong advocate for women's freedom and gender equality. Regarding education, he is no joke, he wrote a book on education curriculum in Turkey so that he was nicknamed Başöğretmen (professor).
It
was not until 1934 that the Supreme Council of Turkey granted him the title
Atatürk in his last name. There is a lot of controversy in it that seems to
confirm his dictatorship during his presidency. But not a few also do not make
a problem because he served to Turkey. During his leadership, Turkey
implemented a one-party system with the CHP Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (Republican
People's Party) as the sole ruler.
Dead
Due to his habit of drinking alcohol, smoking, and having free sex, his health diminished over time. He also died at Dolmabahçe İstanbul Palace on November 10, 1938, at 09.05. It is also during this time that the Turkish community observes a moment of silence to commemorate his death.
He
willed that all his assets be used for the budget of the CHP Party, his
children, and relatives. The management of his body is carried out privately
using Islamic law. Then he was brought back to Ankara to follow government
funeral procedures. His relatives plan to preserve his remains. But as his body
became increasingly damaged, he was placed in a 42-ton macrophage housed in the
Ankara Ethnographic Museum before being transferred to Anıtkabir 15 years later.
Turkey's view of Ataturk
He is a hero of the Turks who saved them from colonialism and especially the ignorance that enveloped them during the Ottoman Empire. The Turks were a knight nation who liked to fight and were loyal to their superiors. Because it made some Ottoman sultans after the time of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman too obedient to Sufi scholars who did not love the world and change. So that scholars forbid new knowledge and can only teach Islam textually without logic. This period is the same as the dark ages of Europe which were ruled by priests who did not allow the people to think freely. In contrast to the Abbasids who had been the center of world knowledge for centuries. Coupled with the betrayal and corrupt practices committed by Janisary (Ottoman military). So that the Ottoman economic situation was getting worse and entangled in debt. The decline also occurred because there was no specific vision of the Ottoman sultans in building the country after the triumph of those who had conquered Byzantine and other areas. As if they only want to be in power without wanting to be responsible for governing the country.
Then came a reformer, namely Sultan Mahmud II, who carried out a revolution in the Ottomans but failed due to the unpreparedness of his people in facing science and the world economy because they had been isolated from the world for centuries. So, the destruction of the Ottomans is not an external factor but an internal factor itself that has been corrupted from within. Therefore, Ataturk took the initiative to carry out reforms in Turkey by eliminating the Ottoman Sultanate which was deemed to have failed to reform. He is also known as the voice of freedom. So that in his time he no longer obliged Sharia law, gave freedom of thought and opinion as widely as possible, and leveled the social class that was lame during the Ottoman era.
The view as an enemy of Islam
He is suspected of being a Jewish agent who was specially educated to destroy the Ottomans from within. Is one of the global elite stooges who want to rule the world but are blocked by two empires, each of which controls the east and west. Namely the Ottoman Turks and Tsarist Russia. Where in Russia was included the figure of Vladimir Lenin who changed ideology to become communist and Mustafa Kemal in Turkey who changed ideology to become secular. The Gallipoli War was only a work of British setting so that Ataturk could win over the people's hearts and could easily take over from the Ottoman Turks which made it easier for the global elite to rule the world.
His odd death is also considered a
punishment that God has given him. Because he was the one who abolished the
caliphate that had stood for 14 centuries. As well as his efforts to eliminate
the light of Islam that has shone brightly for 6 centuries in Turkey.
In essence, it all depends on how we look. It is necessary to know that
each human being has his purpose and purpose in carrying out an action that is
only his secret. But so far, the Turks still regard him as a national hero.
They respect him either out of self-awareness or compulsion because it has been
regulated by law.
Turkey, a country that is very strategically located between two continents, has made it the center of world civilization that has been going on since the beginning of the Middle Ages until now. Nothing wrong with the Republic of Turkey is the second-largest place for Indonesian students after Egypt. And most Indonesian students here are studying general science which makes it another option as a student paradise after the UK (United Kingdom), USA (United States of America), Germany, and other countries. Besides, the Republic of Turkey has a high religious value based on the historical background of the Ottoman Sultanate which makes it a more choice as a place of study for Muslim students from Indonesia. And Turkey has now since the leadership of President Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan becomes the center of civilization for world science, especially the Islamic world.
Indonesian students now have a special place in Turkish society. Some Turkish people are happy with the presence of Indonesian students who are known to have intelligence and hard work more than other foreign students. But is the relationship between Indonesia and Turkey only about education? It turns out that all did not happen by accident but had a series of histories that colored the relationship between the Republic of Indonesia and the Republic of Turkey.
Starting from the all-powerful event that destroyed mankind during the prophetic period of Noah, the US. Where there was a great flood that devastated the world in its entirety. All mankind perished, only Prophet Noah (AS) and his followers remained. After the great flood, the big ark landed on the land of Anatolia (present-day Turkey) and is said to have now become a mount called Mount Ağrı. Then the Prophet Noah divided his people into 3 groups, each of which was led by a son. The first group was led by Sam, who became the forerunner of the descendants of the Arabs who originally settled in Central Asia. The second group was led by Ham who became the forerunner of the African nation which still lives in the Arika region. The latter was a group led by the Yafists who became the forerunners of the Mongols who settled in Sundaland (possibly the Atlantic called by Plato).
These Yafist descendants later became the center of human civilization at that time. With technological advances that have defeated other nations. Sundaland also has a wide variety of biodiversity and very rich natural resources. Just like the archipelago today. Until finally the nation's civilization was destroyed with a very devastating natural disaster which resulted in the sinking of part of the Sundaland area so that it was divided into various islands. The Yafists then scattered to find shelter, mostly going to Mongol territory. This history happened exactly as told by Plato about Atlantis.
Several centuries later the Mongol people who were synonymous with nomadic nations scattered about looking for new areas to live in. One group has returned to the Sundaland region (which has become the archipelago) which became the ancestral origin of the Indonesian nation. There is one group called Ya'juj Ma'juj who love to do damage. Ya'juj Ma'juj have 21 tribes, which in the end King Zulkarnain acted to lock up the 21 tribes inside a very strong wall. The greatest king who obeyed Allah, the ruler of the east and west of the world. But unfortunately, only 20 tribes were successfully locked up, the rest were left behind so people call them the Türk tribe, which comes from Arabic الترك which means left behind. The Türk tribe then turned into a large nation which then split up as was the custom of their ancestors. Finally, in the Abbasid era, the Turks began to embrace Islam and were assigned to protect the land of Anatolia (Asia Minor) from the attacks of the East Romans. Until in the end, the Abbasids collapsed due to the Mongol invasion by Hulagu Khan, who was still related to the Turkic people. But the Turks did not betray the Abbasids and thus kept the Anatolian lands even though the dynasty had collapsed. After knowing that no one else was home to them, the Turks began to build a new dynasty known as the Selçuklu Devleti (Seljuk State) which inherited the Abbasid caliphate which had been divided into Mamluks in Egypt and Seljuks in Anatolia. Two centuries later Selcuk also collapsed due to the Mongol invasion again in the late 13th century
The initiative then emerged in a town called SoÄŸut in Anatolia. Osman Gazi was based on his dream of reuniting the tribes that had separated after the fall of the Seljuks. Assisted by Shaykh Edebali who was his teacher and father-in-law, and the position of his father ErtuÄŸrul Gazi who was the leader of the tribes and regions made it easy to unite the tribes that became the forerunners of the largest Islamic empire that ruled from West Africa to Uzak DoÄŸu (the Far East means Archipelago region).
This dynasty was given the name Osmanlı Devleti (Ottoman State), after the name of the imperial founder. Until finally 2 centuries after the incident, to be precise in 1413 Çelebi Sultan Mehmet (5th Ottoman Sultan) had a dream from the Prophet to send a messenger to Uzak Doğu (Nusantara) as a mission to preach Islam. Then 9 people were selected selectively by the Sultan, consisting of scholars and habibs, one of which was Shaykh Jumadil Kubro and his son Maulana Malik Ibrahim (Sunan Gresik) who came from Uzbekistan.
Shaykh Jumadil Kubro went to Sulawesi while Sunan Gresik went to Champa Kingdom (present Cambodia) and married the royal princess before going to Java. At that time the ruling king was Brawijaya from Majapahit who had a wife named Siu Ban Chi (son of Shaykh Bantiong from East Turkistan / Uygur) who was a relative of Sunan Gresik. He then had a son named Raden Fatah who was the founder of the Demak Kingdom. Namely, the kingdom which later inherited Majapahit (because Raden Fatah was still a descendant of Brawijaya) so that it became the center of the Islamic kingdom's civilization at that time. In 1479 Raden Fatah was brought to Istanbul and inaugurated by Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Sultan Muhammad Al Fatih, the 7th Sultan of the Ottoman). De facto the archipelago (former Majapahit and Demak) was controlled by the Utsmani Khilafahan.
In 1527, Indonesia experienced a conquest similar to what happened 76 years ago in Istanbul. The conquerors were both named Fatih or what we now call Fatahillah. The lands he conquered would later become the capital of a great nation. And the foundation is still the same, "Inna fatahna laka fathan mubina." A symbol of freedom and victory. At that time Sunda Kelapa was controlled by the Portuguese who were carrying out Christianization and territorial monopoly. Fatahillah (who is Raden Fatah's son-in-law) immediately took action to fight back. In the name of Allah, he finally managed to free the city and gave it the name Fathan Mubina (in the local language it is called Jayakarta or Jakarta). Like Constantinople which changed its name to Fatih City (the last area of Constantinople which is located inside the fort which is now a district of Istanbul City).
The relationship between the Uthmani Khilafah and the Archipelago did not only occur in Java. But it also happened in the Sultanate of Aceh, which is in the western part of the archipelago. Beginning in 1565, Aceh became the de facto Ottoman territory. Namely during the reign of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman (Sulaiman Agung, the 10th Ottoman Sultan), at which time the Ottomans were at their peak. Until finally, when the Portuguese and Dutch colonization occurred in the Sultanate of Aceh, it could not be separated from the assistance of the Ottoman, who was then led by Sultan Abdülhamid 2 (the last Islamic caliph in full power). Because of his massive assistance, Aceh became the only area that was never controlled by the Dutch.
Until 1922-1945 the Yogyakarta and Surakarta palaces (continued dynasty of the Demak Kingdom) were the last remaining Ottoman de facto areas in Indonesia. This was proven by the existence of the caliphate banner that was given by the Utsmani to Yogyakarta. After the collapse of the Ottomans in 1922 many Muslim countries lost their fathers. The same fate was felt by the Yogyakarta Palace which had to fight the Dutch alone. Until finally 23 years later the independence of the Republic of Indonesia was proclaimed which was also assisted by Yogyakarta. Indirectly, the Utsmani also played a role in the achievement of Indonesian independence.
Not only that, but President Soekarno also began to introduce the songkok which is a type of Fes (the cap of the sultan and the Ottoman aristocrat). Until finally it became an official object used in Indonesia and some other Malay countries. President Soekarno also participated in finding Imam Bukhari's tomb which was a joy for the people of Uzbekistan (Uzbekistan is also still of Turkic descent). None other than remuneration for Islamization in Indonesia by Sunan Gresik, who came from Uzbekistan.
In short, Indonesia would
never have become a country with the largest Muslim population in the world
without the participation of the Ottoman Empire. Even though in some historical
records it is said that one of the prophet's companions had stopped in Sumatra
to preach Islam. Maybe if that was all that happened, the spread of Islam had
never run massively and maybe it would only have spread on the island of
Sumatra. And it is impossible to penetrate the 209.12 million people as it is
today.
As president of the Republic of Turkey, Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan is
widely heard in various media. From his achievements to bring the glory of the
Republic of Turkey when he was prime minister and president to his bravery in
the international political arena. His vision has earned him the reputation of
being one of the most influential figures in the Islamic world of the 21st
century and earning him the nickname "European Lion." What is the
true figure of a leader with a strong vision and how far has his career gone
from then until now? Let's see.
Childhood
Born in BeyoÄŸlu district located in the metropolitan city of Istanbul, Turkey on February 26, 1954. Born with the real name Recep Tayyip. His parents named him Recep because he was born to coincide with the month of Rajab. And there used to be a high priest named Tayyip so he also called him by that name which means goodness. Erdogan is his surname which comes from his father Captain Ahmet ErdoÄŸan, a Turkish Navy Officer in charge of guarding the Black sea coastline. His father's family came from Georgia and his mother's family came from Kurdistan, but because Georgia and Kurdistan were one country (Ottoman Turkey) then he still holds the status of a Turkish citizen.
His childhood was spent in Rize with 4 other siblings. A city on the coast of the Black Sea. He was born in a difficult family situation that forced him to earn money from childhood by selling snacks. Then he collected the money from the sale to buy several books. He is known as a bookworm. His basic education begins in the city of Istanbul with formal education. He began to receive intensive religious education at Ä°stanbul Ä°mam Hatip Lisesi (high school) which is adjacent to International Fatih Sultan Mehmet Ä°mam Hatip Lisesi which is now the benchmark for all Imam Hatip schools in Turkey and several places in the world.
During
his education in high school, he pursued his hobby as a footballer at the
Camıaltıspor club. While working on the side at the Istanbul transportation
company (Ä°ETT) as a minor employee. Then he continued his undergraduate
education at the University of Marmara, Faculty of economics and business while
continuing his hobby of playing football at a semi-amateur club called Erokspor
which is owned by BeyoÄŸlu District.
Political Career
His political career began in 1975 where he was elected chairman of the Istanbul city branch of the National Salvation Party (MSP). After the coup in 1980, several parties were banned and including one of them (MSP). Therefore Erdogan followed in the footsteps of his teacher Prof. Necmettin Erbakan, who formed a new party, namely the Refah Partisi (Welfare Party). In 1982 he was elected chairman of the BeyoÄŸlu district branch of the Welfare Party and within 3 years he rose to prominence as chairman of the Istanbul City Welfare Party. His career journey has not always been smooth, he has participated in the mayoral election for the BeyoÄŸlu district but failed, as did the election of people's representatives for the Province of Siirt and Istanbul in the next period. Until finally on the third try, he succeeded in becoming the people's representative of the Istanbul Province. Due to the Welfare Party's soaring votes exceeding 10% in 1991. In 1994 the Welfare Party became the largest party in Turkey in the local elections which made it elected as Metropolitan Mayor of Great Istanbul.
Due to his achievements during his tenure as mayor, he managed to take a public image. Coupled with some controversy that makes people curious about his figure. This is evidenced by some of his poetry which is considered too striking against Islam and his courage to convey it directly in the community, making him sentenced to prison for several months. Because the state considers itself to have violated the secular ideology that has been adhered to by Turkey for decades.
In 1997 there was another coup which led to the resignation of the then prime minister of Turkey Necmettin Erbakan and the banning of the Welfare Party from politics. Then Erdogan took the initiative to take swift action by forming a new party, namely the AKP (Justice and Development Party) with the permission of his teacher Erbakan Hoca. Until finally with the party, he was elected Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey in 2004 who served for two terms. This is a surprising result considering that the party which is not more than 5 years old has managed to control more than half of the parliament which made it elected prime minister. Not only that, the people of Turkey still gave their trust to hold the mandate as President of the Republic of Turkey since 2014.
At the age of office, he was almost six years old. Regardless of who will replace him, there has been a lot of controversy and twists and turns that have occurred throughout his tenure. One thing that may confuse us. Why is the militancy force of Erdogan's supporters so great compared to us in Indonesia? It turns out that the secret is in Erdogan who socializes to the wider community without distinguishing whoever it is. For him, in life, there is no eternal enemy so that he can embrace all the beliefs of society. Even though we know, Erdogan is an Islamist person. It should be noted, the ideology of secularism has succeeded in changing 70-75% of the Turkish people who previously had Islamic ideology under the auspices of the Ottoman Turks. So it will be a difficult challenge for Erdogan if he only takes the trust of Islamic circles. So he uses a slow da'wah strategy where he does not spread hatred and prohibition against people who do not implement Islamic law. He also slowly changed the law to something more Islamic. So that currently the ideology of Erdoganism is known, which wants to replace the current Kemalism and change Turkey back to its heyday in the days of the Ottoman Empire.
During his tenure, he succeeded in bringing Turkey to something more modern and viewed by the world. Now Turkey has become one of the countries chosen to become a world civilization from the economic, social, and the biggest is education. Even though during his leadership there was a lot of hatred from outside and inside. Starting from the economic crisis that Turkey experienced in 2017 to its confrontation with the PKK and the Syrian conflict. Until at its peak there was a coup that wanted to overthrow him on July 15, 2016.
Erdogan and the Coup Incident
There is something unique about this coup. Throughout the history
of Turkish politics, it is quite hot, where there have been 4 coups, and only
this time it failed. Although there are many victims from the civilian and
military circles. Due to Erdogan's charisma before his people, most loved him
and were even willing to die to defend himself at the top of the leadership
hierarchy of the Republic of Turkey. Back again because Erdogan managed to win
the hearts of his people peacefully. In contrast to the coup of President Mursi
in 2013, where he was successfully deposed and jailed for his mistakes in
changing Egypt. The situation in Egypt at that time was the same as that of a
secular Turkey. But suddenly Mursi immediately changed everything to be based
on sharia so that he lost most of the trust of his people who would have helped
him when the coup was launched.
Not everyone likes Erdogan
Although his achievements are extraordinary, not a few people hate his figure. Many have accused Erdogan of only wanting to take the voice of the world's Muslims for the benefit of his promotion. The 2016 coup was thought to be just a scenario to win over the Turkish people. Erdogan's figure lately is too 'embracing' so that he seems to submit to superpowers like America and Russia. He had lost his reputation for being brave and not submitting to anyone in his early tenure. Mastery of his native language seems to be lacking because he always uses Turkish at every international meeting. Back again to introduce the Turkish language to the world. His glamorous habits make some people comment that there are still poor people who need this money rather than for their lifestyle.
In
essence, it all depends on where our perspective is looking. It is also
inseparable that each person has their secrets and intentions in doing
something. Based on the facts, there are still more people who like him than
people who hate him. Erdogan, the European Lion.
When Zulaikha pursued Yusuf's love, Allah kept Yusuf away from him. When Zulaikha pursued Allah's love, Allah brought Joseph closer to him. QS. Yusuf: 23-53
Let us now look back at history. Is it from Chaliph Muawwiyah (Ummayah Dynasty) to Caliph Abdülmecid 2 (Ottoman Dynasty) included in the criteria of a caliphate? no bro!
Those who fall into the category of caliphate according to the words of the prophet are the only Khulafaurrasyidin. The rest adhered to a royal system that adopted unilateral thinking and feudalism. And is such a caliphate system what we want?
Many of us are mistaken in seeing the meaning of the caliphate. Actually, the caliphate is the realization of the struggle, not the goal of the struggle.
Returning to the true goal of Islam, namely rahmatan lil 'alamin. Which gives peace to the world. So it is wrong if we establish a caliphate without looking at the benefit of other people.
Peace can never exist without prosperity. Prosperity can never exist without justice. And justice can never exist without unity.
In simple terms, what we have to do now is how to build unity over all mankind and throw away all self-interest and group interests. But that is impossible. So Islam exists as an intermediary for this. With the Al Quran being revealed systematically and content, it becomes a tool to enforce justice.
Forget the Islamic country. Our job is how to invite people to the path of justice. Without coercion and bloodshed. And the caliphate will gradually present itself.
Welcome to the New World Order ...
History began when Indonesia entered a revolution that was just free from colonialism. Where at that time there were many movements created by the community to convey their aspirations. Then came a figure like Mohammad Natsir who had a background in the ideology of Islamism. His struggle paid off, he managed to occupy the post of the prime minister which was the highest post after the president at that time. With his central position as prime minister, he succeeded in spreading the ideology of Islamism he had into the government. But unfortunately, it didn't last long. Several years later that position had to be lost and the Masjumi Party which he had formed had to disappear. Can not be separated from all kinds of slander, fighting, and betrayal. Masyumi was accused of being one of the PRRI / Permesta rebels, mostly carried out in Sumatra and several other places. Even though Natsir and Masjumi's intentions were good. They only wanted to save the government which was in chaos being shaken by the international community by forming a temporary government in Sumatra. None other than this is also the incitement of the Indonesian Communist Party, whose relationship they are currently warm with President Sukarno.
The da'wah relay was then continued by Haji Muhammad Karim Abdullah who we know as Buya HAMKA. Now the media of his preaching is no longer through politics but through education. Based on the failure of Natsir's politics, they are looking for new ways to continue spreading their word. Those times were quite difficult, considering that the New Order government at that time was quite a dictator. They cannot move widely in conveying the message. One bit, the law and even life will play with them. Hamka's education was classified as successful with the establishment of Al Azhar college as the largest Islamic university in Indonesia at that time. Also in those years, many Indonesians went to the Middle East and other countries to deepen Islam. The New Order relaxed somewhat during the last ten years of Suharto's rule. The government can be said to be more siding with Muslims than in previous years which always suppressed all kinds of Islamic movements.
1997-1998 was the period of national reform. Where people have flocked to form organizations that had previously been banned for 32 years. Indonesia, which has lost its freedom of opinion, again wants to voice its opinion which has been silent for 32 years. And one of the organizations that raise opinions is KAMMI, the Indonesian Muslim Student Action Unit. Formed by Fahri Hamzah and friends who were also the first leaders of the national student organization.
KAMMI started as Indonesian students in the Middle East who returned to their homeland. They want to convey the knowledge they get there to the Indonesian people. But unfortunately, they coincided with the new order which did not provide an opportunity to convey aspirations. Finally, they conveyed it secretly in campus mosques targeting students as the end of the youth milestone. They formed a kind of association in a mosque and conveyed the knowledge they got in the Middle East. Then the association turned into a movement and organization associated with the weakening of the New Order government. They were also one of the participants who succeeded in overthrowing the new order from the government.
After the end of the new order, there was an opportunity for all people to enter into government politics with the formation of many new parties. KAMMI officials also decided to continue the da'wah relay of Mohammad Natsir, which had been suspended for 38 years. By forming a new party called the Justice Party, it continued in the footsteps of the Masyumi Party's preaching. In 2002 the party changed its name to the Prosperous Justice Party due to its defeat in the 1998 elections. Until now, the Prosperous Justice Party has become one of the major parties in Indonesia with its highest position as chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly.
Education and government are two
things that cannot be separated from preaching. With these two things, we can
win people's hearts from all sides. Rasulullah did the same thing so that Islam
once controlled two-thirds of the world.
Entering the 21st century, nationalism is no longer a new item. Now it has become an official ideology in most countries of the world including Indonesia. Our great leader Bung Karno deliberately chose the teachings of nationalism as the foundation for the success of every Indonesian citizen. With nationalism, we can love and be more proud of our homeland. Simply, President Soekarno launched his action to spread the ideology of Pancasila with the help of nationalism to spread to all the people of Indonesia. But what exactly and where did nationalism come from as we know it?
Nationalism was born around the end of the 19th century, at which time the kingdom was the most widely used system of government in the world. Nationalism is also the aftermath of the French Revolution in the 18th century who wanted an absolute democracy in which power was truly full in the hands of the people not in the hands of the state or royal rulers. In this century too many countries that carried out the revolution left the kingdom system which tends to be feudalist and impartial towards a more democratic republic. With the principle of nationalism, they rebelled against the kingdom and formed self-government as happened in the Russian Tsar empire, German Wilhelm, Ottoman Turkey, and others. And a small part of nationalism turned into fascism that was too fanatical with its people so that it denigrated and even fought a nation that was not the same as it was in Germany.
But behind all these revolutions, it was not purely the desire of the people themselves but a suffered. This is evidenced by the peace of the people under the auspices of the kingdom for centuries and only wants a revolution in the 19th and 20th centuries. Something that doesn't make sense. If the people are not satisfied and the royal system is a broken system, why only in that century did the people ask for a revolution. This is only part of the plan of the global elite who want the world to submit to a power.
Before the world war, the people were under the authority of the kingdom that led it. Then the only way to take power is to invite the people to want to be released from the kingdom. but simply not the lure of the pure democracy they will get. But a mastery of the global elite wrapped neatly with democracy. If the people are not successfully instigated, they will pit one against between two or three more kingdoms so that the kingdom will gradually lose its territory and people. That is what happened in the two world wars. Where there are two groups but are in the same instigator. They make themselves look good by giving debt. But actually, debt is a trap so they can control the economy of a country. By indebtedness, we indirectly give power to the group that gives debt.
The same thing happened to the Ottoman Caliphs which initially all Muslim countries were under the auspices of one caliph. But because of many intruders, intelligence, incitement, suffered and other caliphs this one was split into many countries. They used the name nationalism as the strongest reason to separate themselves into an independent state. Finally, the caliphs with a glorious past story lost its power and lost itself.
Now
the glory of the big countries is only a memory. We must accept
the fact that we are now under the power of a global elite. Their ways are very cunning and dirty in
taking advantage of all over the world. Something that we think is good keeps all the very bad
secrets. The only way we can do it is to tie the community's understanding of what is.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, a figure known as the father of
the Turkish nation. Which changed the country of the two continents to a more
modern direction. In historical records, Ataturk is quite a controversial
figure. On the one hand, he is seen as having made a big difference to the
tulip-producing country, but on the other hand, he is known as the enemy of
Islam. Is an intelligent person who has unique thinking that makes some people
confused and amazed at him. Many assumptions say that this son of Zübeyde Hanım
is not accepted by Turkish society, but the reality on the ground is much
different. His photos were everywhere until there was a memorial of his death
known as Atatürk'ü Anma Günü
The figure and military career of the father of the nation
Born in the city of Selanik (Thessaloniki), Greece on May 19, 1881. He only has the real name, Mustafa. This was related to the Ottoman culture which only named children with one word. He was raised by Zübeyde Hanım after his father, Ali Rıza Efendi, who worked as a customs clerk, died when Mustafa was 7 years old. In history, the titles Efendi and Hanım only got their parents when Ataturk served as president of the Turkish republic.
From childhood, he was a smart figure. This was proven when he was in grade 4 elementary school and managed to achieve perfect scores which are rarely obtained by students in general. His military education began in secondary school at the military school Selanik and Manastır (Bitola), both centers of anti-Turkish Greek nationalism. His math teacher nicknamed him Kemal which means perfection because of his seemingly flawless intelligence. He graduated in 1905 with the rank of a lieutenant who was immediately sent to serve in Damascus. In Damascus, he immediately joined the secret group Vatan ve Hürriyet (Motherland and Freedom) which was an active opponent of the Ottoman Empire. Two years later he returned to Selanik and joined the Jön Türkler (Young Turks Movement) group.
He had brilliant achievements in the military so that in 1908 he had become a central figure who overthrew Sultan Abdülhamid II. His military career continued to rise until he became a commander at the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915. Where the Ottomans were in the central bloc with Germany against allies, namely Britain and France. Due to his success in preventing the allies from taking Ottoman rule in Istanbul via the Gallipoli Peninsula, he won the honorary titles of Gazi (the title of a hero who won the war) and Paşa (the honorary title of the Ottoman statesman).
His military career was
not always smooth, even though he had many achievements. It was proven in 1917
that he failed to fight against the Arab rebellion in Hejaz and to defend
Palestine which was piggybacked and controlled by the British. Because he was
pressured by the situation, he only chose to defend the territory of Turkey
which has been controlled to date. He is dubbed by some as an Islamic hero
because of his services in defending the Muslims from British attacks.
Political Career
Mustafa's revolution began in 1919 with the Amasya declaration formed by officers who supported the Young Turks movement. They felt dissatisfied with the government of the Ottoman Empire, which was retreating over time. So, they create a rival government in Ankara that uses a democratic system. This resulted in the Istanbul government increasingly losing its prestige and the people increasingly siding with the modern Ankara government.
With the formation of the Supreme National Council in Ankara, Mustafa was elected as the first prime minister of Turkey in 1920 to have complete control over Turkey. In contrast to Sultan Vahdettin, who at that time had no power and was only used as a symbol of the state. Until finally in 1922 the Ottoman Empire completely disappeared from the world. So that the most entitled to inherit the position were Mustafa who then declared the Republic of Turkey and himself as the first president and immediately took over all the assets owned by the Ottoman Empire.
When Turkey was carrying out a revolution, it did not necessarily change all aspects directly, but slowly adjusted to the needs of society. Although the Ottomans had collapsed, the caliphate continued until 1924 which was held by Abdülmecid II. The Khilafah is nothing more than a symbol of Muslim unity. Mustafa abolished the caliphate which according to him was a disease of the modern age. He also began eliminating Arabic characters and replacing them with Latin characters in the official Turkish spelling. Converts everything Arabic to Turkish to be understood by everyone. Changing all aspects from economic, social, political, and educational to including dress code. She is a strong advocate for women's freedom and gender equality. Regarding education, he is no joke, he wrote a book on education curriculum in Turkey so that he was nicknamed Başöğretmen (professor).
It
was not until 1934 that the Supreme Council of Turkey granted him the title
Atatürk in his last name. There is a lot of controversy in it that seems to
confirm his dictatorship during his presidency. But not a few also do not make
a problem because he served to Turkey. During his leadership, Turkey
implemented a one-party system with the CHP Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (Republican
People's Party) as the sole ruler.
Dead
Due to his habit of drinking alcohol, smoking, and having free sex, his health diminished over time. He also died at Dolmabahçe İstanbul Palace on November 10, 1938, at 09.05. It is also during this time that the Turkish community observes a moment of silence to commemorate his death.
He
willed that all his assets be used for the budget of the CHP Party, his
children, and relatives. The management of his body is carried out privately
using Islamic law. Then he was brought back to Ankara to follow government
funeral procedures. His relatives plan to preserve his remains. But as his body
became increasingly damaged, he was placed in a 42-ton macrophage housed in the
Ankara Ethnographic Museum before being transferred to Anıtkabir 15 years later.
Turkey's view of Ataturk
He is a hero of the Turks who saved them from colonialism and especially the ignorance that enveloped them during the Ottoman Empire. The Turks were a knight nation who liked to fight and were loyal to their superiors. Because it made some Ottoman sultans after the time of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman too obedient to Sufi scholars who did not love the world and change. So that scholars forbid new knowledge and can only teach Islam textually without logic. This period is the same as the dark ages of Europe which were ruled by priests who did not allow the people to think freely. In contrast to the Abbasids who had been the center of world knowledge for centuries. Coupled with the betrayal and corrupt practices committed by Janisary (Ottoman military). So that the Ottoman economic situation was getting worse and entangled in debt. The decline also occurred because there was no specific vision of the Ottoman sultans in building the country after the triumph of those who had conquered Byzantine and other areas. As if they only want to be in power without wanting to be responsible for governing the country.
Then came a reformer, namely Sultan Mahmud II, who carried out a revolution in the Ottomans but failed due to the unpreparedness of his people in facing science and the world economy because they had been isolated from the world for centuries. So, the destruction of the Ottomans is not an external factor but an internal factor itself that has been corrupted from within. Therefore, Ataturk took the initiative to carry out reforms in Turkey by eliminating the Ottoman Sultanate which was deemed to have failed to reform. He is also known as the voice of freedom. So that in his time he no longer obliged Sharia law, gave freedom of thought and opinion as widely as possible, and leveled the social class that was lame during the Ottoman era.
The view as an enemy of Islam
He is suspected of being a Jewish agent who was specially educated to destroy the Ottomans from within. Is one of the global elite stooges who want to rule the world but are blocked by two empires, each of which controls the east and west. Namely the Ottoman Turks and Tsarist Russia. Where in Russia was included the figure of Vladimir Lenin who changed ideology to become communist and Mustafa Kemal in Turkey who changed ideology to become secular. The Gallipoli War was only a work of British setting so that Ataturk could win over the people's hearts and could easily take over from the Ottoman Turks which made it easier for the global elite to rule the world.
His odd death is also considered a
punishment that God has given him. Because he was the one who abolished the
caliphate that had stood for 14 centuries. As well as his efforts to eliminate
the light of Islam that has shone brightly for 6 centuries in Turkey.
In essence, it all depends on how we look. It is necessary to know that
each human being has his purpose and purpose in carrying out an action that is
only his secret. But so far, the Turks still regard him as a national hero.
They respect him either out of self-awareness or compulsion because it has been
regulated by law.
Turkey, a country that is very strategically located between two continents, has made it the center of world civilization that has been going on since the beginning of the Middle Ages until now. Nothing wrong with the Republic of Turkey is the second-largest place for Indonesian students after Egypt. And most Indonesian students here are studying general science which makes it another option as a student paradise after the UK (United Kingdom), USA (United States of America), Germany, and other countries. Besides, the Republic of Turkey has a high religious value based on the historical background of the Ottoman Sultanate which makes it a more choice as a place of study for Muslim students from Indonesia. And Turkey has now since the leadership of President Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan becomes the center of civilization for world science, especially the Islamic world.
Indonesian students now have a special place in Turkish society. Some Turkish people are happy with the presence of Indonesian students who are known to have intelligence and hard work more than other foreign students. But is the relationship between Indonesia and Turkey only about education? It turns out that all did not happen by accident but had a series of histories that colored the relationship between the Republic of Indonesia and the Republic of Turkey.
Starting from the all-powerful event that destroyed mankind during the prophetic period of Noah, the US. Where there was a great flood that devastated the world in its entirety. All mankind perished, only Prophet Noah (AS) and his followers remained. After the great flood, the big ark landed on the land of Anatolia (present-day Turkey) and is said to have now become a mount called Mount Ağrı. Then the Prophet Noah divided his people into 3 groups, each of which was led by a son. The first group was led by Sam, who became the forerunner of the descendants of the Arabs who originally settled in Central Asia. The second group was led by Ham who became the forerunner of the African nation which still lives in the Arika region. The latter was a group led by the Yafists who became the forerunners of the Mongols who settled in Sundaland (possibly the Atlantic called by Plato).
These Yafist descendants later became the center of human civilization at that time. With technological advances that have defeated other nations. Sundaland also has a wide variety of biodiversity and very rich natural resources. Just like the archipelago today. Until finally the nation's civilization was destroyed with a very devastating natural disaster which resulted in the sinking of part of the Sundaland area so that it was divided into various islands. The Yafists then scattered to find shelter, mostly going to Mongol territory. This history happened exactly as told by Plato about Atlantis.
Several centuries later the Mongol people who were synonymous with nomadic nations scattered about looking for new areas to live in. One group has returned to the Sundaland region (which has become the archipelago) which became the ancestral origin of the Indonesian nation. There is one group called Ya'juj Ma'juj who love to do damage. Ya'juj Ma'juj have 21 tribes, which in the end King Zulkarnain acted to lock up the 21 tribes inside a very strong wall. The greatest king who obeyed Allah, the ruler of the east and west of the world. But unfortunately, only 20 tribes were successfully locked up, the rest were left behind so people call them the Türk tribe, which comes from Arabic الترك which means left behind. The Türk tribe then turned into a large nation which then split up as was the custom of their ancestors. Finally, in the Abbasid era, the Turks began to embrace Islam and were assigned to protect the land of Anatolia (Asia Minor) from the attacks of the East Romans. Until in the end, the Abbasids collapsed due to the Mongol invasion by Hulagu Khan, who was still related to the Turkic people. But the Turks did not betray the Abbasids and thus kept the Anatolian lands even though the dynasty had collapsed. After knowing that no one else was home to them, the Turks began to build a new dynasty known as the Selçuklu Devleti (Seljuk State) which inherited the Abbasid caliphate which had been divided into Mamluks in Egypt and Seljuks in Anatolia. Two centuries later Selcuk also collapsed due to the Mongol invasion again in the late 13th century
The initiative then emerged in a town called SoÄŸut in Anatolia. Osman Gazi was based on his dream of reuniting the tribes that had separated after the fall of the Seljuks. Assisted by Shaykh Edebali who was his teacher and father-in-law, and the position of his father ErtuÄŸrul Gazi who was the leader of the tribes and regions made it easy to unite the tribes that became the forerunners of the largest Islamic empire that ruled from West Africa to Uzak DoÄŸu (the Far East means Archipelago region).
This dynasty was given the name Osmanlı Devleti (Ottoman State), after the name of the imperial founder. Until finally 2 centuries after the incident, to be precise in 1413 Çelebi Sultan Mehmet (5th Ottoman Sultan) had a dream from the Prophet to send a messenger to Uzak Doğu (Nusantara) as a mission to preach Islam. Then 9 people were selected selectively by the Sultan, consisting of scholars and habibs, one of which was Shaykh Jumadil Kubro and his son Maulana Malik Ibrahim (Sunan Gresik) who came from Uzbekistan.
Shaykh Jumadil Kubro went to Sulawesi while Sunan Gresik went to Champa Kingdom (present Cambodia) and married the royal princess before going to Java. At that time the ruling king was Brawijaya from Majapahit who had a wife named Siu Ban Chi (son of Shaykh Bantiong from East Turkistan / Uygur) who was a relative of Sunan Gresik. He then had a son named Raden Fatah who was the founder of the Demak Kingdom. Namely, the kingdom which later inherited Majapahit (because Raden Fatah was still a descendant of Brawijaya) so that it became the center of the Islamic kingdom's civilization at that time. In 1479 Raden Fatah was brought to Istanbul and inaugurated by Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Sultan Muhammad Al Fatih, the 7th Sultan of the Ottoman). De facto the archipelago (former Majapahit and Demak) was controlled by the Utsmani Khilafahan.
In 1527, Indonesia experienced a conquest similar to what happened 76 years ago in Istanbul. The conquerors were both named Fatih or what we now call Fatahillah. The lands he conquered would later become the capital of a great nation. And the foundation is still the same, "Inna fatahna laka fathan mubina." A symbol of freedom and victory. At that time Sunda Kelapa was controlled by the Portuguese who were carrying out Christianization and territorial monopoly. Fatahillah (who is Raden Fatah's son-in-law) immediately took action to fight back. In the name of Allah, he finally managed to free the city and gave it the name Fathan Mubina (in the local language it is called Jayakarta or Jakarta). Like Constantinople which changed its name to Fatih City (the last area of Constantinople which is located inside the fort which is now a district of Istanbul City).
The relationship between the Uthmani Khilafah and the Archipelago did not only occur in Java. But it also happened in the Sultanate of Aceh, which is in the western part of the archipelago. Beginning in 1565, Aceh became the de facto Ottoman territory. Namely during the reign of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman (Sulaiman Agung, the 10th Ottoman Sultan), at which time the Ottomans were at their peak. Until finally, when the Portuguese and Dutch colonization occurred in the Sultanate of Aceh, it could not be separated from the assistance of the Ottoman, who was then led by Sultan Abdülhamid 2 (the last Islamic caliph in full power). Because of his massive assistance, Aceh became the only area that was never controlled by the Dutch.
Until 1922-1945 the Yogyakarta and Surakarta palaces (continued dynasty of the Demak Kingdom) were the last remaining Ottoman de facto areas in Indonesia. This was proven by the existence of the caliphate banner that was given by the Utsmani to Yogyakarta. After the collapse of the Ottomans in 1922 many Muslim countries lost their fathers. The same fate was felt by the Yogyakarta Palace which had to fight the Dutch alone. Until finally 23 years later the independence of the Republic of Indonesia was proclaimed which was also assisted by Yogyakarta. Indirectly, the Utsmani also played a role in the achievement of Indonesian independence.
Not only that, but President Soekarno also began to introduce the songkok which is a type of Fes (the cap of the sultan and the Ottoman aristocrat). Until finally it became an official object used in Indonesia and some other Malay countries. President Soekarno also participated in finding Imam Bukhari's tomb which was a joy for the people of Uzbekistan (Uzbekistan is also still of Turkic descent). None other than remuneration for Islamization in Indonesia by Sunan Gresik, who came from Uzbekistan.
In short, Indonesia would
never have become a country with the largest Muslim population in the world
without the participation of the Ottoman Empire. Even though in some historical
records it is said that one of the prophet's companions had stopped in Sumatra
to preach Islam. Maybe if that was all that happened, the spread of Islam had
never run massively and maybe it would only have spread on the island of
Sumatra. And it is impossible to penetrate the 209.12 million people as it is
today.
As president of the Republic of Turkey, Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan is
widely heard in various media. From his achievements to bring the glory of the
Republic of Turkey when he was prime minister and president to his bravery in
the international political arena. His vision has earned him the reputation of
being one of the most influential figures in the Islamic world of the 21st
century and earning him the nickname "European Lion." What is the
true figure of a leader with a strong vision and how far has his career gone
from then until now? Let's see.
Childhood
Born in BeyoÄŸlu district located in the metropolitan city of Istanbul, Turkey on February 26, 1954. Born with the real name Recep Tayyip. His parents named him Recep because he was born to coincide with the month of Rajab. And there used to be a high priest named Tayyip so he also called him by that name which means goodness. Erdogan is his surname which comes from his father Captain Ahmet ErdoÄŸan, a Turkish Navy Officer in charge of guarding the Black sea coastline. His father's family came from Georgia and his mother's family came from Kurdistan, but because Georgia and Kurdistan were one country (Ottoman Turkey) then he still holds the status of a Turkish citizen.
His childhood was spent in Rize with 4 other siblings. A city on the coast of the Black Sea. He was born in a difficult family situation that forced him to earn money from childhood by selling snacks. Then he collected the money from the sale to buy several books. He is known as a bookworm. His basic education begins in the city of Istanbul with formal education. He began to receive intensive religious education at Ä°stanbul Ä°mam Hatip Lisesi (high school) which is adjacent to International Fatih Sultan Mehmet Ä°mam Hatip Lisesi which is now the benchmark for all Imam Hatip schools in Turkey and several places in the world.
During
his education in high school, he pursued his hobby as a footballer at the
Camıaltıspor club. While working on the side at the Istanbul transportation
company (Ä°ETT) as a minor employee. Then he continued his undergraduate
education at the University of Marmara, Faculty of economics and business while
continuing his hobby of playing football at a semi-amateur club called Erokspor
which is owned by BeyoÄŸlu District.
Political Career
His political career began in 1975 where he was elected chairman of the Istanbul city branch of the National Salvation Party (MSP). After the coup in 1980, several parties were banned and including one of them (MSP). Therefore Erdogan followed in the footsteps of his teacher Prof. Necmettin Erbakan, who formed a new party, namely the Refah Partisi (Welfare Party). In 1982 he was elected chairman of the BeyoÄŸlu district branch of the Welfare Party and within 3 years he rose to prominence as chairman of the Istanbul City Welfare Party. His career journey has not always been smooth, he has participated in the mayoral election for the BeyoÄŸlu district but failed, as did the election of people's representatives for the Province of Siirt and Istanbul in the next period. Until finally on the third try, he succeeded in becoming the people's representative of the Istanbul Province. Due to the Welfare Party's soaring votes exceeding 10% in 1991. In 1994 the Welfare Party became the largest party in Turkey in the local elections which made it elected as Metropolitan Mayor of Great Istanbul.
Due to his achievements during his tenure as mayor, he managed to take a public image. Coupled with some controversy that makes people curious about his figure. This is evidenced by some of his poetry which is considered too striking against Islam and his courage to convey it directly in the community, making him sentenced to prison for several months. Because the state considers itself to have violated the secular ideology that has been adhered to by Turkey for decades.
In 1997 there was another coup which led to the resignation of the then prime minister of Turkey Necmettin Erbakan and the banning of the Welfare Party from politics. Then Erdogan took the initiative to take swift action by forming a new party, namely the AKP (Justice and Development Party) with the permission of his teacher Erbakan Hoca. Until finally with the party, he was elected Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey in 2004 who served for two terms. This is a surprising result considering that the party which is not more than 5 years old has managed to control more than half of the parliament which made it elected prime minister. Not only that, the people of Turkey still gave their trust to hold the mandate as President of the Republic of Turkey since 2014.
At the age of office, he was almost six years old. Regardless of who will replace him, there has been a lot of controversy and twists and turns that have occurred throughout his tenure. One thing that may confuse us. Why is the militancy force of Erdogan's supporters so great compared to us in Indonesia? It turns out that the secret is in Erdogan who socializes to the wider community without distinguishing whoever it is. For him, in life, there is no eternal enemy so that he can embrace all the beliefs of society. Even though we know, Erdogan is an Islamist person. It should be noted, the ideology of secularism has succeeded in changing 70-75% of the Turkish people who previously had Islamic ideology under the auspices of the Ottoman Turks. So it will be a difficult challenge for Erdogan if he only takes the trust of Islamic circles. So he uses a slow da'wah strategy where he does not spread hatred and prohibition against people who do not implement Islamic law. He also slowly changed the law to something more Islamic. So that currently the ideology of Erdoganism is known, which wants to replace the current Kemalism and change Turkey back to its heyday in the days of the Ottoman Empire.
During his tenure, he succeeded in bringing Turkey to something more modern and viewed by the world. Now Turkey has become one of the countries chosen to become a world civilization from the economic, social, and the biggest is education. Even though during his leadership there was a lot of hatred from outside and inside. Starting from the economic crisis that Turkey experienced in 2017 to its confrontation with the PKK and the Syrian conflict. Until at its peak there was a coup that wanted to overthrow him on July 15, 2016.
Erdogan and the Coup Incident
There is something unique about this coup. Throughout the history
of Turkish politics, it is quite hot, where there have been 4 coups, and only
this time it failed. Although there are many victims from the civilian and
military circles. Due to Erdogan's charisma before his people, most loved him
and were even willing to die to defend himself at the top of the leadership
hierarchy of the Republic of Turkey. Back again because Erdogan managed to win
the hearts of his people peacefully. In contrast to the coup of President Mursi
in 2013, where he was successfully deposed and jailed for his mistakes in
changing Egypt. The situation in Egypt at that time was the same as that of a
secular Turkey. But suddenly Mursi immediately changed everything to be based
on sharia so that he lost most of the trust of his people who would have helped
him when the coup was launched.
Not everyone likes Erdogan
Although his achievements are extraordinary, not a few people hate his figure. Many have accused Erdogan of only wanting to take the voice of the world's Muslims for the benefit of his promotion. The 2016 coup was thought to be just a scenario to win over the Turkish people. Erdogan's figure lately is too 'embracing' so that he seems to submit to superpowers like America and Russia. He had lost his reputation for being brave and not submitting to anyone in his early tenure. Mastery of his native language seems to be lacking because he always uses Turkish at every international meeting. Back again to introduce the Turkish language to the world. His glamorous habits make some people comment that there are still poor people who need this money rather than for their lifestyle.
In
essence, it all depends on where our perspective is looking. It is also
inseparable that each person has their secrets and intentions in doing
something. Based on the facts, there are still more people who like him than
people who hate him. Erdogan, the European Lion.
When Zulaikha pursued Yusuf's love, Allah kept Yusuf away from him. When Zulaikha pursued Allah's love, Allah brought Joseph closer to him. QS. Yusuf: 23-53
Let us now look back at history. Is it from Chaliph Muawwiyah (Ummayah Dynasty) to Caliph Abdülmecid 2 (Ottoman Dynasty) included in the criteria of a caliphate? no bro!
Those who fall into the category of caliphate according to the words of the prophet are the only Khulafaurrasyidin. The rest adhered to a royal system that adopted unilateral thinking and feudalism. And is such a caliphate system what we want?
Many of us are mistaken in seeing the meaning of the caliphate. Actually, the caliphate is the realization of the struggle, not the goal of the struggle.
Returning to the true goal of Islam, namely rahmatan lil 'alamin. Which gives peace to the world. So it is wrong if we establish a caliphate without looking at the benefit of other people.
Peace can never exist without prosperity. Prosperity can never exist without justice. And justice can never exist without unity.
In simple terms, what we have to do now is how to build unity over all mankind and throw away all self-interest and group interests. But that is impossible. So Islam exists as an intermediary for this. With the Al Quran being revealed systematically and content, it becomes a tool to enforce justice.
Forget the Islamic country. Our job is how to invite people to the path of justice. Without coercion and bloodshed. And the caliphate will gradually present itself.
Welcome to the New World Order ...
History began when Indonesia entered a revolution that was just free from colonialism. Where at that time there were many movements created by the community to convey their aspirations. Then came a figure like Mohammad Natsir who had a background in the ideology of Islamism. His struggle paid off, he managed to occupy the post of the prime minister which was the highest post after the president at that time. With his central position as prime minister, he succeeded in spreading the ideology of Islamism he had into the government. But unfortunately, it didn't last long. Several years later that position had to be lost and the Masjumi Party which he had formed had to disappear. Can not be separated from all kinds of slander, fighting, and betrayal. Masyumi was accused of being one of the PRRI / Permesta rebels, mostly carried out in Sumatra and several other places. Even though Natsir and Masjumi's intentions were good. They only wanted to save the government which was in chaos being shaken by the international community by forming a temporary government in Sumatra. None other than this is also the incitement of the Indonesian Communist Party, whose relationship they are currently warm with President Sukarno.
The da'wah relay was then continued by Haji Muhammad Karim Abdullah who we know as Buya HAMKA. Now the media of his preaching is no longer through politics but through education. Based on the failure of Natsir's politics, they are looking for new ways to continue spreading their word. Those times were quite difficult, considering that the New Order government at that time was quite a dictator. They cannot move widely in conveying the message. One bit, the law and even life will play with them. Hamka's education was classified as successful with the establishment of Al Azhar college as the largest Islamic university in Indonesia at that time. Also in those years, many Indonesians went to the Middle East and other countries to deepen Islam. The New Order relaxed somewhat during the last ten years of Suharto's rule. The government can be said to be more siding with Muslims than in previous years which always suppressed all kinds of Islamic movements.
1997-1998 was the period of national reform. Where people have flocked to form organizations that had previously been banned for 32 years. Indonesia, which has lost its freedom of opinion, again wants to voice its opinion which has been silent for 32 years. And one of the organizations that raise opinions is KAMMI, the Indonesian Muslim Student Action Unit. Formed by Fahri Hamzah and friends who were also the first leaders of the national student organization.
KAMMI started as Indonesian students in the Middle East who returned to their homeland. They want to convey the knowledge they get there to the Indonesian people. But unfortunately, they coincided with the new order which did not provide an opportunity to convey aspirations. Finally, they conveyed it secretly in campus mosques targeting students as the end of the youth milestone. They formed a kind of association in a mosque and conveyed the knowledge they got in the Middle East. Then the association turned into a movement and organization associated with the weakening of the New Order government. They were also one of the participants who succeeded in overthrowing the new order from the government.
After the end of the new order, there was an opportunity for all people to enter into government politics with the formation of many new parties. KAMMI officials also decided to continue the da'wah relay of Mohammad Natsir, which had been suspended for 38 years. By forming a new party called the Justice Party, it continued in the footsteps of the Masyumi Party's preaching. In 2002 the party changed its name to the Prosperous Justice Party due to its defeat in the 1998 elections. Until now, the Prosperous Justice Party has become one of the major parties in Indonesia with its highest position as chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly.
Education and government are two
things that cannot be separated from preaching. With these two things, we can
win people's hearts from all sides. Rasulullah did the same thing so that Islam
once controlled two-thirds of the world.
Entering the 21st century, nationalism is no longer a new item. Now it has become an official ideology in most countries of the world including Indonesia. Our great leader Bung Karno deliberately chose the teachings of nationalism as the foundation for the success of every Indonesian citizen. With nationalism, we can love and be more proud of our homeland. Simply, President Soekarno launched his action to spread the ideology of Pancasila with the help of nationalism to spread to all the people of Indonesia. But what exactly and where did nationalism come from as we know it?
Nationalism was born around the end of the 19th century, at which time the kingdom was the most widely used system of government in the world. Nationalism is also the aftermath of the French Revolution in the 18th century who wanted an absolute democracy in which power was truly full in the hands of the people not in the hands of the state or royal rulers. In this century too many countries that carried out the revolution left the kingdom system which tends to be feudalist and impartial towards a more democratic republic. With the principle of nationalism, they rebelled against the kingdom and formed self-government as happened in the Russian Tsar empire, German Wilhelm, Ottoman Turkey, and others. And a small part of nationalism turned into fascism that was too fanatical with its people so that it denigrated and even fought a nation that was not the same as it was in Germany.
But behind all these revolutions, it was not purely the desire of the people themselves but a suffered. This is evidenced by the peace of the people under the auspices of the kingdom for centuries and only wants a revolution in the 19th and 20th centuries. Something that doesn't make sense. If the people are not satisfied and the royal system is a broken system, why only in that century did the people ask for a revolution. This is only part of the plan of the global elite who want the world to submit to a power.
Before the world war, the people were under the authority of the kingdom that led it. Then the only way to take power is to invite the people to want to be released from the kingdom. but simply not the lure of the pure democracy they will get. But a mastery of the global elite wrapped neatly with democracy. If the people are not successfully instigated, they will pit one against between two or three more kingdoms so that the kingdom will gradually lose its territory and people. That is what happened in the two world wars. Where there are two groups but are in the same instigator. They make themselves look good by giving debt. But actually, debt is a trap so they can control the economy of a country. By indebtedness, we indirectly give power to the group that gives debt.
The same thing happened to the Ottoman Caliphs which initially all Muslim countries were under the auspices of one caliph. But because of many intruders, intelligence, incitement, suffered and other caliphs this one was split into many countries. They used the name nationalism as the strongest reason to separate themselves into an independent state. Finally, the caliphs with a glorious past story lost its power and lost itself.
Now
the glory of the big countries is only a memory. We must accept
the fact that we are now under the power of a global elite. Their ways are very cunning and dirty in
taking advantage of all over the world. Something that we think is good keeps all the very bad
secrets. The only way we can do it is to tie the community's understanding of what is.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, a figure known as the father of
the Turkish nation. Which changed the country of the two continents to a more
modern direction. In historical records, Ataturk is quite a controversial
figure. On the one hand, he is seen as having made a big difference to the
tulip-producing country, but on the other hand, he is known as the enemy of
Islam. Is an intelligent person who has unique thinking that makes some people
confused and amazed at him. Many assumptions say that this son of Zübeyde Hanım
is not accepted by Turkish society, but the reality on the ground is much
different. His photos were everywhere until there was a memorial of his death
known as Atatürk'ü Anma Günü
The figure and military career of the father of the nation
Born in the city of Selanik (Thessaloniki), Greece on May 19, 1881. He only has the real name, Mustafa. This was related to the Ottoman culture which only named children with one word. He was raised by Zübeyde Hanım after his father, Ali Rıza Efendi, who worked as a customs clerk, died when Mustafa was 7 years old. In history, the titles Efendi and Hanım only got their parents when Ataturk served as president of the Turkish republic.
From childhood, he was a smart figure. This was proven when he was in grade 4 elementary school and managed to achieve perfect scores which are rarely obtained by students in general. His military education began in secondary school at the military school Selanik and Manastır (Bitola), both centers of anti-Turkish Greek nationalism. His math teacher nicknamed him Kemal which means perfection because of his seemingly flawless intelligence. He graduated in 1905 with the rank of a lieutenant who was immediately sent to serve in Damascus. In Damascus, he immediately joined the secret group Vatan ve Hürriyet (Motherland and Freedom) which was an active opponent of the Ottoman Empire. Two years later he returned to Selanik and joined the Jön Türkler (Young Turks Movement) group.
He had brilliant achievements in the military so that in 1908 he had become a central figure who overthrew Sultan Abdülhamid II. His military career continued to rise until he became a commander at the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915. Where the Ottomans were in the central bloc with Germany against allies, namely Britain and France. Due to his success in preventing the allies from taking Ottoman rule in Istanbul via the Gallipoli Peninsula, he won the honorary titles of Gazi (the title of a hero who won the war) and Paşa (the honorary title of the Ottoman statesman).
His military career was
not always smooth, even though he had many achievements. It was proven in 1917
that he failed to fight against the Arab rebellion in Hejaz and to defend
Palestine which was piggybacked and controlled by the British. Because he was
pressured by the situation, he only chose to defend the territory of Turkey
which has been controlled to date. He is dubbed by some as an Islamic hero
because of his services in defending the Muslims from British attacks.
Political Career
Mustafa's revolution began in 1919 with the Amasya declaration formed by officers who supported the Young Turks movement. They felt dissatisfied with the government of the Ottoman Empire, which was retreating over time. So, they create a rival government in Ankara that uses a democratic system. This resulted in the Istanbul government increasingly losing its prestige and the people increasingly siding with the modern Ankara government.
With the formation of the Supreme National Council in Ankara, Mustafa was elected as the first prime minister of Turkey in 1920 to have complete control over Turkey. In contrast to Sultan Vahdettin, who at that time had no power and was only used as a symbol of the state. Until finally in 1922 the Ottoman Empire completely disappeared from the world. So that the most entitled to inherit the position were Mustafa who then declared the Republic of Turkey and himself as the first president and immediately took over all the assets owned by the Ottoman Empire.
When Turkey was carrying out a revolution, it did not necessarily change all aspects directly, but slowly adjusted to the needs of society. Although the Ottomans had collapsed, the caliphate continued until 1924 which was held by Abdülmecid II. The Khilafah is nothing more than a symbol of Muslim unity. Mustafa abolished the caliphate which according to him was a disease of the modern age. He also began eliminating Arabic characters and replacing them with Latin characters in the official Turkish spelling. Converts everything Arabic to Turkish to be understood by everyone. Changing all aspects from economic, social, political, and educational to including dress code. She is a strong advocate for women's freedom and gender equality. Regarding education, he is no joke, he wrote a book on education curriculum in Turkey so that he was nicknamed Başöğretmen (professor).
It
was not until 1934 that the Supreme Council of Turkey granted him the title
Atatürk in his last name. There is a lot of controversy in it that seems to
confirm his dictatorship during his presidency. But not a few also do not make
a problem because he served to Turkey. During his leadership, Turkey
implemented a one-party system with the CHP Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (Republican
People's Party) as the sole ruler.
Dead
Due to his habit of drinking alcohol, smoking, and having free sex, his health diminished over time. He also died at Dolmabahçe İstanbul Palace on November 10, 1938, at 09.05. It is also during this time that the Turkish community observes a moment of silence to commemorate his death.
He
willed that all his assets be used for the budget of the CHP Party, his
children, and relatives. The management of his body is carried out privately
using Islamic law. Then he was brought back to Ankara to follow government
funeral procedures. His relatives plan to preserve his remains. But as his body
became increasingly damaged, he was placed in a 42-ton macrophage housed in the
Ankara Ethnographic Museum before being transferred to Anıtkabir 15 years later.
Turkey's view of Ataturk
He is a hero of the Turks who saved them from colonialism and especially the ignorance that enveloped them during the Ottoman Empire. The Turks were a knight nation who liked to fight and were loyal to their superiors. Because it made some Ottoman sultans after the time of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman too obedient to Sufi scholars who did not love the world and change. So that scholars forbid new knowledge and can only teach Islam textually without logic. This period is the same as the dark ages of Europe which were ruled by priests who did not allow the people to think freely. In contrast to the Abbasids who had been the center of world knowledge for centuries. Coupled with the betrayal and corrupt practices committed by Janisary (Ottoman military). So that the Ottoman economic situation was getting worse and entangled in debt. The decline also occurred because there was no specific vision of the Ottoman sultans in building the country after the triumph of those who had conquered Byzantine and other areas. As if they only want to be in power without wanting to be responsible for governing the country.
Then came a reformer, namely Sultan Mahmud II, who carried out a revolution in the Ottomans but failed due to the unpreparedness of his people in facing science and the world economy because they had been isolated from the world for centuries. So, the destruction of the Ottomans is not an external factor but an internal factor itself that has been corrupted from within. Therefore, Ataturk took the initiative to carry out reforms in Turkey by eliminating the Ottoman Sultanate which was deemed to have failed to reform. He is also known as the voice of freedom. So that in his time he no longer obliged Sharia law, gave freedom of thought and opinion as widely as possible, and leveled the social class that was lame during the Ottoman era.
The view as an enemy of Islam
He is suspected of being a Jewish agent who was specially educated to destroy the Ottomans from within. Is one of the global elite stooges who want to rule the world but are blocked by two empires, each of which controls the east and west. Namely the Ottoman Turks and Tsarist Russia. Where in Russia was included the figure of Vladimir Lenin who changed ideology to become communist and Mustafa Kemal in Turkey who changed ideology to become secular. The Gallipoli War was only a work of British setting so that Ataturk could win over the people's hearts and could easily take over from the Ottoman Turks which made it easier for the global elite to rule the world.
His odd death is also considered a
punishment that God has given him. Because he was the one who abolished the
caliphate that had stood for 14 centuries. As well as his efforts to eliminate
the light of Islam that has shone brightly for 6 centuries in Turkey.
In essence, it all depends on how we look. It is necessary to know that
each human being has his purpose and purpose in carrying out an action that is
only his secret. But so far, the Turks still regard him as a national hero.
They respect him either out of self-awareness or compulsion because it has been
regulated by law.
Turkey, a country that is very strategically located between two continents, has made it the center of world civilization that has been going on since the beginning of the Middle Ages until now. Nothing wrong with the Republic of Turkey is the second-largest place for Indonesian students after Egypt. And most Indonesian students here are studying general science which makes it another option as a student paradise after the UK (United Kingdom), USA (United States of America), Germany, and other countries. Besides, the Republic of Turkey has a high religious value based on the historical background of the Ottoman Sultanate which makes it a more choice as a place of study for Muslim students from Indonesia. And Turkey has now since the leadership of President Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan becomes the center of civilization for world science, especially the Islamic world.
Indonesian students now have a special place in Turkish society. Some Turkish people are happy with the presence of Indonesian students who are known to have intelligence and hard work more than other foreign students. But is the relationship between Indonesia and Turkey only about education? It turns out that all did not happen by accident but had a series of histories that colored the relationship between the Republic of Indonesia and the Republic of Turkey.
Starting from the all-powerful event that destroyed mankind during the prophetic period of Noah, the US. Where there was a great flood that devastated the world in its entirety. All mankind perished, only Prophet Noah (AS) and his followers remained. After the great flood, the big ark landed on the land of Anatolia (present-day Turkey) and is said to have now become a mount called Mount Ağrı. Then the Prophet Noah divided his people into 3 groups, each of which was led by a son. The first group was led by Sam, who became the forerunner of the descendants of the Arabs who originally settled in Central Asia. The second group was led by Ham who became the forerunner of the African nation which still lives in the Arika region. The latter was a group led by the Yafists who became the forerunners of the Mongols who settled in Sundaland (possibly the Atlantic called by Plato).
These Yafist descendants later became the center of human civilization at that time. With technological advances that have defeated other nations. Sundaland also has a wide variety of biodiversity and very rich natural resources. Just like the archipelago today. Until finally the nation's civilization was destroyed with a very devastating natural disaster which resulted in the sinking of part of the Sundaland area so that it was divided into various islands. The Yafists then scattered to find shelter, mostly going to Mongol territory. This history happened exactly as told by Plato about Atlantis.
Several centuries later the Mongol people who were synonymous with nomadic nations scattered about looking for new areas to live in. One group has returned to the Sundaland region (which has become the archipelago) which became the ancestral origin of the Indonesian nation. There is one group called Ya'juj Ma'juj who love to do damage. Ya'juj Ma'juj have 21 tribes, which in the end King Zulkarnain acted to lock up the 21 tribes inside a very strong wall. The greatest king who obeyed Allah, the ruler of the east and west of the world. But unfortunately, only 20 tribes were successfully locked up, the rest were left behind so people call them the Türk tribe, which comes from Arabic الترك which means left behind. The Türk tribe then turned into a large nation which then split up as was the custom of their ancestors. Finally, in the Abbasid era, the Turks began to embrace Islam and were assigned to protect the land of Anatolia (Asia Minor) from the attacks of the East Romans. Until in the end, the Abbasids collapsed due to the Mongol invasion by Hulagu Khan, who was still related to the Turkic people. But the Turks did not betray the Abbasids and thus kept the Anatolian lands even though the dynasty had collapsed. After knowing that no one else was home to them, the Turks began to build a new dynasty known as the Selçuklu Devleti (Seljuk State) which inherited the Abbasid caliphate which had been divided into Mamluks in Egypt and Seljuks in Anatolia. Two centuries later Selcuk also collapsed due to the Mongol invasion again in the late 13th century
The initiative then emerged in a town called SoÄŸut in Anatolia. Osman Gazi was based on his dream of reuniting the tribes that had separated after the fall of the Seljuks. Assisted by Shaykh Edebali who was his teacher and father-in-law, and the position of his father ErtuÄŸrul Gazi who was the leader of the tribes and regions made it easy to unite the tribes that became the forerunners of the largest Islamic empire that ruled from West Africa to Uzak DoÄŸu (the Far East means Archipelago region).
This dynasty was given the name Osmanlı Devleti (Ottoman State), after the name of the imperial founder. Until finally 2 centuries after the incident, to be precise in 1413 Çelebi Sultan Mehmet (5th Ottoman Sultan) had a dream from the Prophet to send a messenger to Uzak Doğu (Nusantara) as a mission to preach Islam. Then 9 people were selected selectively by the Sultan, consisting of scholars and habibs, one of which was Shaykh Jumadil Kubro and his son Maulana Malik Ibrahim (Sunan Gresik) who came from Uzbekistan.
Shaykh Jumadil Kubro went to Sulawesi while Sunan Gresik went to Champa Kingdom (present Cambodia) and married the royal princess before going to Java. At that time the ruling king was Brawijaya from Majapahit who had a wife named Siu Ban Chi (son of Shaykh Bantiong from East Turkistan / Uygur) who was a relative of Sunan Gresik. He then had a son named Raden Fatah who was the founder of the Demak Kingdom. Namely, the kingdom which later inherited Majapahit (because Raden Fatah was still a descendant of Brawijaya) so that it became the center of the Islamic kingdom's civilization at that time. In 1479 Raden Fatah was brought to Istanbul and inaugurated by Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Sultan Muhammad Al Fatih, the 7th Sultan of the Ottoman). De facto the archipelago (former Majapahit and Demak) was controlled by the Utsmani Khilafahan.
In 1527, Indonesia experienced a conquest similar to what happened 76 years ago in Istanbul. The conquerors were both named Fatih or what we now call Fatahillah. The lands he conquered would later become the capital of a great nation. And the foundation is still the same, "Inna fatahna laka fathan mubina." A symbol of freedom and victory. At that time Sunda Kelapa was controlled by the Portuguese who were carrying out Christianization and territorial monopoly. Fatahillah (who is Raden Fatah's son-in-law) immediately took action to fight back. In the name of Allah, he finally managed to free the city and gave it the name Fathan Mubina (in the local language it is called Jayakarta or Jakarta). Like Constantinople which changed its name to Fatih City (the last area of Constantinople which is located inside the fort which is now a district of Istanbul City).
The relationship between the Uthmani Khilafah and the Archipelago did not only occur in Java. But it also happened in the Sultanate of Aceh, which is in the western part of the archipelago. Beginning in 1565, Aceh became the de facto Ottoman territory. Namely during the reign of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman (Sulaiman Agung, the 10th Ottoman Sultan), at which time the Ottomans were at their peak. Until finally, when the Portuguese and Dutch colonization occurred in the Sultanate of Aceh, it could not be separated from the assistance of the Ottoman, who was then led by Sultan Abdülhamid 2 (the last Islamic caliph in full power). Because of his massive assistance, Aceh became the only area that was never controlled by the Dutch.
Until 1922-1945 the Yogyakarta and Surakarta palaces (continued dynasty of the Demak Kingdom) were the last remaining Ottoman de facto areas in Indonesia. This was proven by the existence of the caliphate banner that was given by the Utsmani to Yogyakarta. After the collapse of the Ottomans in 1922 many Muslim countries lost their fathers. The same fate was felt by the Yogyakarta Palace which had to fight the Dutch alone. Until finally 23 years later the independence of the Republic of Indonesia was proclaimed which was also assisted by Yogyakarta. Indirectly, the Utsmani also played a role in the achievement of Indonesian independence.
Not only that, but President Soekarno also began to introduce the songkok which is a type of Fes (the cap of the sultan and the Ottoman aristocrat). Until finally it became an official object used in Indonesia and some other Malay countries. President Soekarno also participated in finding Imam Bukhari's tomb which was a joy for the people of Uzbekistan (Uzbekistan is also still of Turkic descent). None other than remuneration for Islamization in Indonesia by Sunan Gresik, who came from Uzbekistan.
In short, Indonesia would
never have become a country with the largest Muslim population in the world
without the participation of the Ottoman Empire. Even though in some historical
records it is said that one of the prophet's companions had stopped in Sumatra
to preach Islam. Maybe if that was all that happened, the spread of Islam had
never run massively and maybe it would only have spread on the island of
Sumatra. And it is impossible to penetrate the 209.12 million people as it is
today.
As president of the Republic of Turkey, Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan is
widely heard in various media. From his achievements to bring the glory of the
Republic of Turkey when he was prime minister and president to his bravery in
the international political arena. His vision has earned him the reputation of
being one of the most influential figures in the Islamic world of the 21st
century and earning him the nickname "European Lion." What is the
true figure of a leader with a strong vision and how far has his career gone
from then until now? Let's see.
Childhood
Born in BeyoÄŸlu district located in the metropolitan city of Istanbul, Turkey on February 26, 1954. Born with the real name Recep Tayyip. His parents named him Recep because he was born to coincide with the month of Rajab. And there used to be a high priest named Tayyip so he also called him by that name which means goodness. Erdogan is his surname which comes from his father Captain Ahmet ErdoÄŸan, a Turkish Navy Officer in charge of guarding the Black sea coastline. His father's family came from Georgia and his mother's family came from Kurdistan, but because Georgia and Kurdistan were one country (Ottoman Turkey) then he still holds the status of a Turkish citizen.
His childhood was spent in Rize with 4 other siblings. A city on the coast of the Black Sea. He was born in a difficult family situation that forced him to earn money from childhood by selling snacks. Then he collected the money from the sale to buy several books. He is known as a bookworm. His basic education begins in the city of Istanbul with formal education. He began to receive intensive religious education at Ä°stanbul Ä°mam Hatip Lisesi (high school) which is adjacent to International Fatih Sultan Mehmet Ä°mam Hatip Lisesi which is now the benchmark for all Imam Hatip schools in Turkey and several places in the world.
During
his education in high school, he pursued his hobby as a footballer at the
Camıaltıspor club. While working on the side at the Istanbul transportation
company (Ä°ETT) as a minor employee. Then he continued his undergraduate
education at the University of Marmara, Faculty of economics and business while
continuing his hobby of playing football at a semi-amateur club called Erokspor
which is owned by BeyoÄŸlu District.
Political Career
His political career began in 1975 where he was elected chairman of the Istanbul city branch of the National Salvation Party (MSP). After the coup in 1980, several parties were banned and including one of them (MSP). Therefore Erdogan followed in the footsteps of his teacher Prof. Necmettin Erbakan, who formed a new party, namely the Refah Partisi (Welfare Party). In 1982 he was elected chairman of the BeyoÄŸlu district branch of the Welfare Party and within 3 years he rose to prominence as chairman of the Istanbul City Welfare Party. His career journey has not always been smooth, he has participated in the mayoral election for the BeyoÄŸlu district but failed, as did the election of people's representatives for the Province of Siirt and Istanbul in the next period. Until finally on the third try, he succeeded in becoming the people's representative of the Istanbul Province. Due to the Welfare Party's soaring votes exceeding 10% in 1991. In 1994 the Welfare Party became the largest party in Turkey in the local elections which made it elected as Metropolitan Mayor of Great Istanbul.
Due to his achievements during his tenure as mayor, he managed to take a public image. Coupled with some controversy that makes people curious about his figure. This is evidenced by some of his poetry which is considered too striking against Islam and his courage to convey it directly in the community, making him sentenced to prison for several months. Because the state considers itself to have violated the secular ideology that has been adhered to by Turkey for decades.
In 1997 there was another coup which led to the resignation of the then prime minister of Turkey Necmettin Erbakan and the banning of the Welfare Party from politics. Then Erdogan took the initiative to take swift action by forming a new party, namely the AKP (Justice and Development Party) with the permission of his teacher Erbakan Hoca. Until finally with the party, he was elected Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey in 2004 who served for two terms. This is a surprising result considering that the party which is not more than 5 years old has managed to control more than half of the parliament which made it elected prime minister. Not only that, the people of Turkey still gave their trust to hold the mandate as President of the Republic of Turkey since 2014.
At the age of office, he was almost six years old. Regardless of who will replace him, there has been a lot of controversy and twists and turns that have occurred throughout his tenure. One thing that may confuse us. Why is the militancy force of Erdogan's supporters so great compared to us in Indonesia? It turns out that the secret is in Erdogan who socializes to the wider community without distinguishing whoever it is. For him, in life, there is no eternal enemy so that he can embrace all the beliefs of society. Even though we know, Erdogan is an Islamist person. It should be noted, the ideology of secularism has succeeded in changing 70-75% of the Turkish people who previously had Islamic ideology under the auspices of the Ottoman Turks. So it will be a difficult challenge for Erdogan if he only takes the trust of Islamic circles. So he uses a slow da'wah strategy where he does not spread hatred and prohibition against people who do not implement Islamic law. He also slowly changed the law to something more Islamic. So that currently the ideology of Erdoganism is known, which wants to replace the current Kemalism and change Turkey back to its heyday in the days of the Ottoman Empire.
During his tenure, he succeeded in bringing Turkey to something more modern and viewed by the world. Now Turkey has become one of the countries chosen to become a world civilization from the economic, social, and the biggest is education. Even though during his leadership there was a lot of hatred from outside and inside. Starting from the economic crisis that Turkey experienced in 2017 to its confrontation with the PKK and the Syrian conflict. Until at its peak there was a coup that wanted to overthrow him on July 15, 2016.
Erdogan and the Coup Incident
There is something unique about this coup. Throughout the history
of Turkish politics, it is quite hot, where there have been 4 coups, and only
this time it failed. Although there are many victims from the civilian and
military circles. Due to Erdogan's charisma before his people, most loved him
and were even willing to die to defend himself at the top of the leadership
hierarchy of the Republic of Turkey. Back again because Erdogan managed to win
the hearts of his people peacefully. In contrast to the coup of President Mursi
in 2013, where he was successfully deposed and jailed for his mistakes in
changing Egypt. The situation in Egypt at that time was the same as that of a
secular Turkey. But suddenly Mursi immediately changed everything to be based
on sharia so that he lost most of the trust of his people who would have helped
him when the coup was launched.
Not everyone likes Erdogan
Although his achievements are extraordinary, not a few people hate his figure. Many have accused Erdogan of only wanting to take the voice of the world's Muslims for the benefit of his promotion. The 2016 coup was thought to be just a scenario to win over the Turkish people. Erdogan's figure lately is too 'embracing' so that he seems to submit to superpowers like America and Russia. He had lost his reputation for being brave and not submitting to anyone in his early tenure. Mastery of his native language seems to be lacking because he always uses Turkish at every international meeting. Back again to introduce the Turkish language to the world. His glamorous habits make some people comment that there are still poor people who need this money rather than for their lifestyle.
In
essence, it all depends on where our perspective is looking. It is also
inseparable that each person has their secrets and intentions in doing
something. Based on the facts, there are still more people who like him than
people who hate him. Erdogan, the European Lion.
When Zulaikha pursued Yusuf's love, Allah kept Yusuf away from him. When Zulaikha pursued Allah's love, Allah brought Joseph closer to him. QS. Yusuf: 23-53
Let us now look back at history. Is it from Chaliph Muawwiyah (Ummayah Dynasty) to Caliph Abdülmecid 2 (Ottoman Dynasty) included in the criteria of a caliphate? no bro!
Those who fall into the category of caliphate according to the words of the prophet are the only Khulafaurrasyidin. The rest adhered to a royal system that adopted unilateral thinking and feudalism. And is such a caliphate system what we want?
Many of us are mistaken in seeing the meaning of the caliphate. Actually, the caliphate is the realization of the struggle, not the goal of the struggle.
Returning to the true goal of Islam, namely rahmatan lil 'alamin. Which gives peace to the world. So it is wrong if we establish a caliphate without looking at the benefit of other people.
Peace can never exist without prosperity. Prosperity can never exist without justice. And justice can never exist without unity.
In simple terms, what we have to do now is how to build unity over all mankind and throw away all self-interest and group interests. But that is impossible. So Islam exists as an intermediary for this. With the Al Quran being revealed systematically and content, it becomes a tool to enforce justice.
Forget the Islamic country. Our job is how to invite people to the path of justice. Without coercion and bloodshed. And the caliphate will gradually present itself.
Welcome to the New World Order ...
History began when Indonesia entered a revolution that was just free from colonialism. Where at that time there were many movements created by the community to convey their aspirations. Then came a figure like Mohammad Natsir who had a background in the ideology of Islamism. His struggle paid off, he managed to occupy the post of the prime minister which was the highest post after the president at that time. With his central position as prime minister, he succeeded in spreading the ideology of Islamism he had into the government. But unfortunately, it didn't last long. Several years later that position had to be lost and the Masjumi Party which he had formed had to disappear. Can not be separated from all kinds of slander, fighting, and betrayal. Masyumi was accused of being one of the PRRI / Permesta rebels, mostly carried out in Sumatra and several other places. Even though Natsir and Masjumi's intentions were good. They only wanted to save the government which was in chaos being shaken by the international community by forming a temporary government in Sumatra. None other than this is also the incitement of the Indonesian Communist Party, whose relationship they are currently warm with President Sukarno.
The da'wah relay was then continued by Haji Muhammad Karim Abdullah who we know as Buya HAMKA. Now the media of his preaching is no longer through politics but through education. Based on the failure of Natsir's politics, they are looking for new ways to continue spreading their word. Those times were quite difficult, considering that the New Order government at that time was quite a dictator. They cannot move widely in conveying the message. One bit, the law and even life will play with them. Hamka's education was classified as successful with the establishment of Al Azhar college as the largest Islamic university in Indonesia at that time. Also in those years, many Indonesians went to the Middle East and other countries to deepen Islam. The New Order relaxed somewhat during the last ten years of Suharto's rule. The government can be said to be more siding with Muslims than in previous years which always suppressed all kinds of Islamic movements.
1997-1998 was the period of national reform. Where people have flocked to form organizations that had previously been banned for 32 years. Indonesia, which has lost its freedom of opinion, again wants to voice its opinion which has been silent for 32 years. And one of the organizations that raise opinions is KAMMI, the Indonesian Muslim Student Action Unit. Formed by Fahri Hamzah and friends who were also the first leaders of the national student organization.
KAMMI started as Indonesian students in the Middle East who returned to their homeland. They want to convey the knowledge they get there to the Indonesian people. But unfortunately, they coincided with the new order which did not provide an opportunity to convey aspirations. Finally, they conveyed it secretly in campus mosques targeting students as the end of the youth milestone. They formed a kind of association in a mosque and conveyed the knowledge they got in the Middle East. Then the association turned into a movement and organization associated with the weakening of the New Order government. They were also one of the participants who succeeded in overthrowing the new order from the government.
After the end of the new order, there was an opportunity for all people to enter into government politics with the formation of many new parties. KAMMI officials also decided to continue the da'wah relay of Mohammad Natsir, which had been suspended for 38 years. By forming a new party called the Justice Party, it continued in the footsteps of the Masyumi Party's preaching. In 2002 the party changed its name to the Prosperous Justice Party due to its defeat in the 1998 elections. Until now, the Prosperous Justice Party has become one of the major parties in Indonesia with its highest position as chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly.
Education and government are two
things that cannot be separated from preaching. With these two things, we can
win people's hearts from all sides. Rasulullah did the same thing so that Islam
once controlled two-thirds of the world.
Entering the 21st century, nationalism is no longer a new item. Now it has become an official ideology in most countries of the world including Indonesia. Our great leader Bung Karno deliberately chose the teachings of nationalism as the foundation for the success of every Indonesian citizen. With nationalism, we can love and be more proud of our homeland. Simply, President Soekarno launched his action to spread the ideology of Pancasila with the help of nationalism to spread to all the people of Indonesia. But what exactly and where did nationalism come from as we know it?
Nationalism was born around the end of the 19th century, at which time the kingdom was the most widely used system of government in the world. Nationalism is also the aftermath of the French Revolution in the 18th century who wanted an absolute democracy in which power was truly full in the hands of the people not in the hands of the state or royal rulers. In this century too many countries that carried out the revolution left the kingdom system which tends to be feudalist and impartial towards a more democratic republic. With the principle of nationalism, they rebelled against the kingdom and formed self-government as happened in the Russian Tsar empire, German Wilhelm, Ottoman Turkey, and others. And a small part of nationalism turned into fascism that was too fanatical with its people so that it denigrated and even fought a nation that was not the same as it was in Germany.
But behind all these revolutions, it was not purely the desire of the people themselves but a suffered. This is evidenced by the peace of the people under the auspices of the kingdom for centuries and only wants a revolution in the 19th and 20th centuries. Something that doesn't make sense. If the people are not satisfied and the royal system is a broken system, why only in that century did the people ask for a revolution. This is only part of the plan of the global elite who want the world to submit to a power.
Before the world war, the people were under the authority of the kingdom that led it. Then the only way to take power is to invite the people to want to be released from the kingdom. but simply not the lure of the pure democracy they will get. But a mastery of the global elite wrapped neatly with democracy. If the people are not successfully instigated, they will pit one against between two or three more kingdoms so that the kingdom will gradually lose its territory and people. That is what happened in the two world wars. Where there are two groups but are in the same instigator. They make themselves look good by giving debt. But actually, debt is a trap so they can control the economy of a country. By indebtedness, we indirectly give power to the group that gives debt.
The same thing happened to the Ottoman Caliphs which initially all Muslim countries were under the auspices of one caliph. But because of many intruders, intelligence, incitement, suffered and other caliphs this one was split into many countries. They used the name nationalism as the strongest reason to separate themselves into an independent state. Finally, the caliphs with a glorious past story lost its power and lost itself.
Now
the glory of the big countries is only a memory. We must accept
the fact that we are now under the power of a global elite. Their ways are very cunning and dirty in
taking advantage of all over the world. Something that we think is good keeps all the very bad
secrets. The only way we can do it is to tie the community's understanding of what is.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, a figure known as the father of
the Turkish nation. Which changed the country of the two continents to a more
modern direction. In historical records, Ataturk is quite a controversial
figure. On the one hand, he is seen as having made a big difference to the
tulip-producing country, but on the other hand, he is known as the enemy of
Islam. Is an intelligent person who has unique thinking that makes some people
confused and amazed at him. Many assumptions say that this son of Zübeyde Hanım
is not accepted by Turkish society, but the reality on the ground is much
different. His photos were everywhere until there was a memorial of his death
known as Atatürk'ü Anma Günü
The figure and military career of the father of the nation
Born in the city of Selanik (Thessaloniki), Greece on May 19, 1881. He only has the real name, Mustafa. This was related to the Ottoman culture which only named children with one word. He was raised by Zübeyde Hanım after his father, Ali Rıza Efendi, who worked as a customs clerk, died when Mustafa was 7 years old. In history, the titles Efendi and Hanım only got their parents when Ataturk served as president of the Turkish republic.
From childhood, he was a smart figure. This was proven when he was in grade 4 elementary school and managed to achieve perfect scores which are rarely obtained by students in general. His military education began in secondary school at the military school Selanik and Manastır (Bitola), both centers of anti-Turkish Greek nationalism. His math teacher nicknamed him Kemal which means perfection because of his seemingly flawless intelligence. He graduated in 1905 with the rank of a lieutenant who was immediately sent to serve in Damascus. In Damascus, he immediately joined the secret group Vatan ve Hürriyet (Motherland and Freedom) which was an active opponent of the Ottoman Empire. Two years later he returned to Selanik and joined the Jön Türkler (Young Turks Movement) group.
He had brilliant achievements in the military so that in 1908 he had become a central figure who overthrew Sultan Abdülhamid II. His military career continued to rise until he became a commander at the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915. Where the Ottomans were in the central bloc with Germany against allies, namely Britain and France. Due to his success in preventing the allies from taking Ottoman rule in Istanbul via the Gallipoli Peninsula, he won the honorary titles of Gazi (the title of a hero who won the war) and Paşa (the honorary title of the Ottoman statesman).
His military career was
not always smooth, even though he had many achievements. It was proven in 1917
that he failed to fight against the Arab rebellion in Hejaz and to defend
Palestine which was piggybacked and controlled by the British. Because he was
pressured by the situation, he only chose to defend the territory of Turkey
which has been controlled to date. He is dubbed by some as an Islamic hero
because of his services in defending the Muslims from British attacks.
Political Career
Mustafa's revolution began in 1919 with the Amasya declaration formed by officers who supported the Young Turks movement. They felt dissatisfied with the government of the Ottoman Empire, which was retreating over time. So, they create a rival government in Ankara that uses a democratic system. This resulted in the Istanbul government increasingly losing its prestige and the people increasingly siding with the modern Ankara government.
With the formation of the Supreme National Council in Ankara, Mustafa was elected as the first prime minister of Turkey in 1920 to have complete control over Turkey. In contrast to Sultan Vahdettin, who at that time had no power and was only used as a symbol of the state. Until finally in 1922 the Ottoman Empire completely disappeared from the world. So that the most entitled to inherit the position were Mustafa who then declared the Republic of Turkey and himself as the first president and immediately took over all the assets owned by the Ottoman Empire.
When Turkey was carrying out a revolution, it did not necessarily change all aspects directly, but slowly adjusted to the needs of society. Although the Ottomans had collapsed, the caliphate continued until 1924 which was held by Abdülmecid II. The Khilafah is nothing more than a symbol of Muslim unity. Mustafa abolished the caliphate which according to him was a disease of the modern age. He also began eliminating Arabic characters and replacing them with Latin characters in the official Turkish spelling. Converts everything Arabic to Turkish to be understood by everyone. Changing all aspects from economic, social, political, and educational to including dress code. She is a strong advocate for women's freedom and gender equality. Regarding education, he is no joke, he wrote a book on education curriculum in Turkey so that he was nicknamed Başöğretmen (professor).
It
was not until 1934 that the Supreme Council of Turkey granted him the title
Atatürk in his last name. There is a lot of controversy in it that seems to
confirm his dictatorship during his presidency. But not a few also do not make
a problem because he served to Turkey. During his leadership, Turkey
implemented a one-party system with the CHP Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (Republican
People's Party) as the sole ruler.
Dead
Due to his habit of drinking alcohol, smoking, and having free sex, his health diminished over time. He also died at Dolmabahçe İstanbul Palace on November 10, 1938, at 09.05. It is also during this time that the Turkish community observes a moment of silence to commemorate his death.
He
willed that all his assets be used for the budget of the CHP Party, his
children, and relatives. The management of his body is carried out privately
using Islamic law. Then he was brought back to Ankara to follow government
funeral procedures. His relatives plan to preserve his remains. But as his body
became increasingly damaged, he was placed in a 42-ton macrophage housed in the
Ankara Ethnographic Museum before being transferred to Anıtkabir 15 years later.
Turkey's view of Ataturk
He is a hero of the Turks who saved them from colonialism and especially the ignorance that enveloped them during the Ottoman Empire. The Turks were a knight nation who liked to fight and were loyal to their superiors. Because it made some Ottoman sultans after the time of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman too obedient to Sufi scholars who did not love the world and change. So that scholars forbid new knowledge and can only teach Islam textually without logic. This period is the same as the dark ages of Europe which were ruled by priests who did not allow the people to think freely. In contrast to the Abbasids who had been the center of world knowledge for centuries. Coupled with the betrayal and corrupt practices committed by Janisary (Ottoman military). So that the Ottoman economic situation was getting worse and entangled in debt. The decline also occurred because there was no specific vision of the Ottoman sultans in building the country after the triumph of those who had conquered Byzantine and other areas. As if they only want to be in power without wanting to be responsible for governing the country.
Then came a reformer, namely Sultan Mahmud II, who carried out a revolution in the Ottomans but failed due to the unpreparedness of his people in facing science and the world economy because they had been isolated from the world for centuries. So, the destruction of the Ottomans is not an external factor but an internal factor itself that has been corrupted from within. Therefore, Ataturk took the initiative to carry out reforms in Turkey by eliminating the Ottoman Sultanate which was deemed to have failed to reform. He is also known as the voice of freedom. So that in his time he no longer obliged Sharia law, gave freedom of thought and opinion as widely as possible, and leveled the social class that was lame during the Ottoman era.
The view as an enemy of Islam
He is suspected of being a Jewish agent who was specially educated to destroy the Ottomans from within. Is one of the global elite stooges who want to rule the world but are blocked by two empires, each of which controls the east and west. Namely the Ottoman Turks and Tsarist Russia. Where in Russia was included the figure of Vladimir Lenin who changed ideology to become communist and Mustafa Kemal in Turkey who changed ideology to become secular. The Gallipoli War was only a work of British setting so that Ataturk could win over the people's hearts and could easily take over from the Ottoman Turks which made it easier for the global elite to rule the world.
His odd death is also considered a
punishment that God has given him. Because he was the one who abolished the
caliphate that had stood for 14 centuries. As well as his efforts to eliminate
the light of Islam that has shone brightly for 6 centuries in Turkey.
In essence, it all depends on how we look. It is necessary to know that
each human being has his purpose and purpose in carrying out an action that is
only his secret. But so far, the Turks still regard him as a national hero.
They respect him either out of self-awareness or compulsion because it has been
regulated by law.
Turkey, a country that is very strategically located between two continents, has made it the center of world civilization that has been going on since the beginning of the Middle Ages until now. Nothing wrong with the Republic of Turkey is the second-largest place for Indonesian students after Egypt. And most Indonesian students here are studying general science which makes it another option as a student paradise after the UK (United Kingdom), USA (United States of America), Germany, and other countries. Besides, the Republic of Turkey has a high religious value based on the historical background of the Ottoman Sultanate which makes it a more choice as a place of study for Muslim students from Indonesia. And Turkey has now since the leadership of President Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan becomes the center of civilization for world science, especially the Islamic world.
Indonesian students now have a special place in Turkish society. Some Turkish people are happy with the presence of Indonesian students who are known to have intelligence and hard work more than other foreign students. But is the relationship between Indonesia and Turkey only about education? It turns out that all did not happen by accident but had a series of histories that colored the relationship between the Republic of Indonesia and the Republic of Turkey.
Starting from the all-powerful event that destroyed mankind during the prophetic period of Noah, the US. Where there was a great flood that devastated the world in its entirety. All mankind perished, only Prophet Noah (AS) and his followers remained. After the great flood, the big ark landed on the land of Anatolia (present-day Turkey) and is said to have now become a mount called Mount Ağrı. Then the Prophet Noah divided his people into 3 groups, each of which was led by a son. The first group was led by Sam, who became the forerunner of the descendants of the Arabs who originally settled in Central Asia. The second group was led by Ham who became the forerunner of the African nation which still lives in the Arika region. The latter was a group led by the Yafists who became the forerunners of the Mongols who settled in Sundaland (possibly the Atlantic called by Plato).
These Yafist descendants later became the center of human civilization at that time. With technological advances that have defeated other nations. Sundaland also has a wide variety of biodiversity and very rich natural resources. Just like the archipelago today. Until finally the nation's civilization was destroyed with a very devastating natural disaster which resulted in the sinking of part of the Sundaland area so that it was divided into various islands. The Yafists then scattered to find shelter, mostly going to Mongol territory. This history happened exactly as told by Plato about Atlantis.
Several centuries later the Mongol people who were synonymous with nomadic nations scattered about looking for new areas to live in. One group has returned to the Sundaland region (which has become the archipelago) which became the ancestral origin of the Indonesian nation. There is one group called Ya'juj Ma'juj who love to do damage. Ya'juj Ma'juj have 21 tribes, which in the end King Zulkarnain acted to lock up the 21 tribes inside a very strong wall. The greatest king who obeyed Allah, the ruler of the east and west of the world. But unfortunately, only 20 tribes were successfully locked up, the rest were left behind so people call them the Türk tribe, which comes from Arabic الترك which means left behind. The Türk tribe then turned into a large nation which then split up as was the custom of their ancestors. Finally, in the Abbasid era, the Turks began to embrace Islam and were assigned to protect the land of Anatolia (Asia Minor) from the attacks of the East Romans. Until in the end, the Abbasids collapsed due to the Mongol invasion by Hulagu Khan, who was still related to the Turkic people. But the Turks did not betray the Abbasids and thus kept the Anatolian lands even though the dynasty had collapsed. After knowing that no one else was home to them, the Turks began to build a new dynasty known as the Selçuklu Devleti (Seljuk State) which inherited the Abbasid caliphate which had been divided into Mamluks in Egypt and Seljuks in Anatolia. Two centuries later Selcuk also collapsed due to the Mongol invasion again in the late 13th century
The initiative then emerged in a town called SoÄŸut in Anatolia. Osman Gazi was based on his dream of reuniting the tribes that had separated after the fall of the Seljuks. Assisted by Shaykh Edebali who was his teacher and father-in-law, and the position of his father ErtuÄŸrul Gazi who was the leader of the tribes and regions made it easy to unite the tribes that became the forerunners of the largest Islamic empire that ruled from West Africa to Uzak DoÄŸu (the Far East means Archipelago region).
This dynasty was given the name Osmanlı Devleti (Ottoman State), after the name of the imperial founder. Until finally 2 centuries after the incident, to be precise in 1413 Çelebi Sultan Mehmet (5th Ottoman Sultan) had a dream from the Prophet to send a messenger to Uzak Doğu (Nusantara) as a mission to preach Islam. Then 9 people were selected selectively by the Sultan, consisting of scholars and habibs, one of which was Shaykh Jumadil Kubro and his son Maulana Malik Ibrahim (Sunan Gresik) who came from Uzbekistan.
Shaykh Jumadil Kubro went to Sulawesi while Sunan Gresik went to Champa Kingdom (present Cambodia) and married the royal princess before going to Java. At that time the ruling king was Brawijaya from Majapahit who had a wife named Siu Ban Chi (son of Shaykh Bantiong from East Turkistan / Uygur) who was a relative of Sunan Gresik. He then had a son named Raden Fatah who was the founder of the Demak Kingdom. Namely, the kingdom which later inherited Majapahit (because Raden Fatah was still a descendant of Brawijaya) so that it became the center of the Islamic kingdom's civilization at that time. In 1479 Raden Fatah was brought to Istanbul and inaugurated by Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Sultan Muhammad Al Fatih, the 7th Sultan of the Ottoman). De facto the archipelago (former Majapahit and Demak) was controlled by the Utsmani Khilafahan.
In 1527, Indonesia experienced a conquest similar to what happened 76 years ago in Istanbul. The conquerors were both named Fatih or what we now call Fatahillah. The lands he conquered would later become the capital of a great nation. And the foundation is still the same, "Inna fatahna laka fathan mubina." A symbol of freedom and victory. At that time Sunda Kelapa was controlled by the Portuguese who were carrying out Christianization and territorial monopoly. Fatahillah (who is Raden Fatah's son-in-law) immediately took action to fight back. In the name of Allah, he finally managed to free the city and gave it the name Fathan Mubina (in the local language it is called Jayakarta or Jakarta). Like Constantinople which changed its name to Fatih City (the last area of Constantinople which is located inside the fort which is now a district of Istanbul City).
The relationship between the Uthmani Khilafah and the Archipelago did not only occur in Java. But it also happened in the Sultanate of Aceh, which is in the western part of the archipelago. Beginning in 1565, Aceh became the de facto Ottoman territory. Namely during the reign of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman (Sulaiman Agung, the 10th Ottoman Sultan), at which time the Ottomans were at their peak. Until finally, when the Portuguese and Dutch colonization occurred in the Sultanate of Aceh, it could not be separated from the assistance of the Ottoman, who was then led by Sultan Abdülhamid 2 (the last Islamic caliph in full power). Because of his massive assistance, Aceh became the only area that was never controlled by the Dutch.
Until 1922-1945 the Yogyakarta and Surakarta palaces (continued dynasty of the Demak Kingdom) were the last remaining Ottoman de facto areas in Indonesia. This was proven by the existence of the caliphate banner that was given by the Utsmani to Yogyakarta. After the collapse of the Ottomans in 1922 many Muslim countries lost their fathers. The same fate was felt by the Yogyakarta Palace which had to fight the Dutch alone. Until finally 23 years later the independence of the Republic of Indonesia was proclaimed which was also assisted by Yogyakarta. Indirectly, the Utsmani also played a role in the achievement of Indonesian independence.
Not only that, but President Soekarno also began to introduce the songkok which is a type of Fes (the cap of the sultan and the Ottoman aristocrat). Until finally it became an official object used in Indonesia and some other Malay countries. President Soekarno also participated in finding Imam Bukhari's tomb which was a joy for the people of Uzbekistan (Uzbekistan is also still of Turkic descent). None other than remuneration for Islamization in Indonesia by Sunan Gresik, who came from Uzbekistan.
In short, Indonesia would
never have become a country with the largest Muslim population in the world
without the participation of the Ottoman Empire. Even though in some historical
records it is said that one of the prophet's companions had stopped in Sumatra
to preach Islam. Maybe if that was all that happened, the spread of Islam had
never run massively and maybe it would only have spread on the island of
Sumatra. And it is impossible to penetrate the 209.12 million people as it is
today.
As president of the Republic of Turkey, Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan is
widely heard in various media. From his achievements to bring the glory of the
Republic of Turkey when he was prime minister and president to his bravery in
the international political arena. His vision has earned him the reputation of
being one of the most influential figures in the Islamic world of the 21st
century and earning him the nickname "European Lion." What is the
true figure of a leader with a strong vision and how far has his career gone
from then until now? Let's see.
Childhood
Born in BeyoÄŸlu district located in the metropolitan city of Istanbul, Turkey on February 26, 1954. Born with the real name Recep Tayyip. His parents named him Recep because he was born to coincide with the month of Rajab. And there used to be a high priest named Tayyip so he also called him by that name which means goodness. Erdogan is his surname which comes from his father Captain Ahmet ErdoÄŸan, a Turkish Navy Officer in charge of guarding the Black sea coastline. His father's family came from Georgia and his mother's family came from Kurdistan, but because Georgia and Kurdistan were one country (Ottoman Turkey) then he still holds the status of a Turkish citizen.
His childhood was spent in Rize with 4 other siblings. A city on the coast of the Black Sea. He was born in a difficult family situation that forced him to earn money from childhood by selling snacks. Then he collected the money from the sale to buy several books. He is known as a bookworm. His basic education begins in the city of Istanbul with formal education. He began to receive intensive religious education at Ä°stanbul Ä°mam Hatip Lisesi (high school) which is adjacent to International Fatih Sultan Mehmet Ä°mam Hatip Lisesi which is now the benchmark for all Imam Hatip schools in Turkey and several places in the world.
During
his education in high school, he pursued his hobby as a footballer at the
Camıaltıspor club. While working on the side at the Istanbul transportation
company (Ä°ETT) as a minor employee. Then he continued his undergraduate
education at the University of Marmara, Faculty of economics and business while
continuing his hobby of playing football at a semi-amateur club called Erokspor
which is owned by BeyoÄŸlu District.
Political Career
His political career began in 1975 where he was elected chairman of the Istanbul city branch of the National Salvation Party (MSP). After the coup in 1980, several parties were banned and including one of them (MSP). Therefore Erdogan followed in the footsteps of his teacher Prof. Necmettin Erbakan, who formed a new party, namely the Refah Partisi (Welfare Party). In 1982 he was elected chairman of the BeyoÄŸlu district branch of the Welfare Party and within 3 years he rose to prominence as chairman of the Istanbul City Welfare Party. His career journey has not always been smooth, he has participated in the mayoral election for the BeyoÄŸlu district but failed, as did the election of people's representatives for the Province of Siirt and Istanbul in the next period. Until finally on the third try, he succeeded in becoming the people's representative of the Istanbul Province. Due to the Welfare Party's soaring votes exceeding 10% in 1991. In 1994 the Welfare Party became the largest party in Turkey in the local elections which made it elected as Metropolitan Mayor of Great Istanbul.
Due to his achievements during his tenure as mayor, he managed to take a public image. Coupled with some controversy that makes people curious about his figure. This is evidenced by some of his poetry which is considered too striking against Islam and his courage to convey it directly in the community, making him sentenced to prison for several months. Because the state considers itself to have violated the secular ideology that has been adhered to by Turkey for decades.
In 1997 there was another coup which led to the resignation of the then prime minister of Turkey Necmettin Erbakan and the banning of the Welfare Party from politics. Then Erdogan took the initiative to take swift action by forming a new party, namely the AKP (Justice and Development Party) with the permission of his teacher Erbakan Hoca. Until finally with the party, he was elected Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey in 2004 who served for two terms. This is a surprising result considering that the party which is not more than 5 years old has managed to control more than half of the parliament which made it elected prime minister. Not only that, the people of Turkey still gave their trust to hold the mandate as President of the Republic of Turkey since 2014.
At the age of office, he was almost six years old. Regardless of who will replace him, there has been a lot of controversy and twists and turns that have occurred throughout his tenure. One thing that may confuse us. Why is the militancy force of Erdogan's supporters so great compared to us in Indonesia? It turns out that the secret is in Erdogan who socializes to the wider community without distinguishing whoever it is. For him, in life, there is no eternal enemy so that he can embrace all the beliefs of society. Even though we know, Erdogan is an Islamist person. It should be noted, the ideology of secularism has succeeded in changing 70-75% of the Turkish people who previously had Islamic ideology under the auspices of the Ottoman Turks. So it will be a difficult challenge for Erdogan if he only takes the trust of Islamic circles. So he uses a slow da'wah strategy where he does not spread hatred and prohibition against people who do not implement Islamic law. He also slowly changed the law to something more Islamic. So that currently the ideology of Erdoganism is known, which wants to replace the current Kemalism and change Turkey back to its heyday in the days of the Ottoman Empire.
During his tenure, he succeeded in bringing Turkey to something more modern and viewed by the world. Now Turkey has become one of the countries chosen to become a world civilization from the economic, social, and the biggest is education. Even though during his leadership there was a lot of hatred from outside and inside. Starting from the economic crisis that Turkey experienced in 2017 to its confrontation with the PKK and the Syrian conflict. Until at its peak there was a coup that wanted to overthrow him on July 15, 2016.
Erdogan and the Coup Incident
There is something unique about this coup. Throughout the history
of Turkish politics, it is quite hot, where there have been 4 coups, and only
this time it failed. Although there are many victims from the civilian and
military circles. Due to Erdogan's charisma before his people, most loved him
and were even willing to die to defend himself at the top of the leadership
hierarchy of the Republic of Turkey. Back again because Erdogan managed to win
the hearts of his people peacefully. In contrast to the coup of President Mursi
in 2013, where he was successfully deposed and jailed for his mistakes in
changing Egypt. The situation in Egypt at that time was the same as that of a
secular Turkey. But suddenly Mursi immediately changed everything to be based
on sharia so that he lost most of the trust of his people who would have helped
him when the coup was launched.
Not everyone likes Erdogan
Although his achievements are extraordinary, not a few people hate his figure. Many have accused Erdogan of only wanting to take the voice of the world's Muslims for the benefit of his promotion. The 2016 coup was thought to be just a scenario to win over the Turkish people. Erdogan's figure lately is too 'embracing' so that he seems to submit to superpowers like America and Russia. He had lost his reputation for being brave and not submitting to anyone in his early tenure. Mastery of his native language seems to be lacking because he always uses Turkish at every international meeting. Back again to introduce the Turkish language to the world. His glamorous habits make some people comment that there are still poor people who need this money rather than for their lifestyle.
In
essence, it all depends on where our perspective is looking. It is also
inseparable that each person has their secrets and intentions in doing
something. Based on the facts, there are still more people who like him than
people who hate him. Erdogan, the European Lion.
When Zulaikha pursued Yusuf's love, Allah kept Yusuf away from him. When Zulaikha pursued Allah's love, Allah brought Joseph closer to him. QS. Yusuf: 23-53
Let us now look back at history. Is it from Chaliph Muawwiyah (Ummayah Dynasty) to Caliph Abdülmecid 2 (Ottoman Dynasty) included in the criteria of a caliphate? no bro!
Those who fall into the category of caliphate according to the words of the prophet are the only Khulafaurrasyidin. The rest adhered to a royal system that adopted unilateral thinking and feudalism. And is such a caliphate system what we want?
Many of us are mistaken in seeing the meaning of the caliphate. Actually, the caliphate is the realization of the struggle, not the goal of the struggle.
Returning to the true goal of Islam, namely rahmatan lil 'alamin. Which gives peace to the world. So it is wrong if we establish a caliphate without looking at the benefit of other people.
Peace can never exist without prosperity. Prosperity can never exist without justice. And justice can never exist without unity.
In simple terms, what we have to do now is how to build unity over all mankind and throw away all self-interest and group interests. But that is impossible. So Islam exists as an intermediary for this. With the Al Quran being revealed systematically and content, it becomes a tool to enforce justice.
Forget the Islamic country. Our job is how to invite people to the path of justice. Without coercion and bloodshed. And the caliphate will gradually present itself.
Welcome to the New World Order ...
History began when Indonesia entered a revolution that was just free from colonialism. Where at that time there were many movements created by the community to convey their aspirations. Then came a figure like Mohammad Natsir who had a background in the ideology of Islamism. His struggle paid off, he managed to occupy the post of the prime minister which was the highest post after the president at that time. With his central position as prime minister, he succeeded in spreading the ideology of Islamism he had into the government. But unfortunately, it didn't last long. Several years later that position had to be lost and the Masjumi Party which he had formed had to disappear. Can not be separated from all kinds of slander, fighting, and betrayal. Masyumi was accused of being one of the PRRI / Permesta rebels, mostly carried out in Sumatra and several other places. Even though Natsir and Masjumi's intentions were good. They only wanted to save the government which was in chaos being shaken by the international community by forming a temporary government in Sumatra. None other than this is also the incitement of the Indonesian Communist Party, whose relationship they are currently warm with President Sukarno.
The da'wah relay was then continued by Haji Muhammad Karim Abdullah who we know as Buya HAMKA. Now the media of his preaching is no longer through politics but through education. Based on the failure of Natsir's politics, they are looking for new ways to continue spreading their word. Those times were quite difficult, considering that the New Order government at that time was quite a dictator. They cannot move widely in conveying the message. One bit, the law and even life will play with them. Hamka's education was classified as successful with the establishment of Al Azhar college as the largest Islamic university in Indonesia at that time. Also in those years, many Indonesians went to the Middle East and other countries to deepen Islam. The New Order relaxed somewhat during the last ten years of Suharto's rule. The government can be said to be more siding with Muslims than in previous years which always suppressed all kinds of Islamic movements.
1997-1998 was the period of national reform. Where people have flocked to form organizations that had previously been banned for 32 years. Indonesia, which has lost its freedom of opinion, again wants to voice its opinion which has been silent for 32 years. And one of the organizations that raise opinions is KAMMI, the Indonesian Muslim Student Action Unit. Formed by Fahri Hamzah and friends who were also the first leaders of the national student organization.
KAMMI started as Indonesian students in the Middle East who returned to their homeland. They want to convey the knowledge they get there to the Indonesian people. But unfortunately, they coincided with the new order which did not provide an opportunity to convey aspirations. Finally, they conveyed it secretly in campus mosques targeting students as the end of the youth milestone. They formed a kind of association in a mosque and conveyed the knowledge they got in the Middle East. Then the association turned into a movement and organization associated with the weakening of the New Order government. They were also one of the participants who succeeded in overthrowing the new order from the government.
After the end of the new order, there was an opportunity for all people to enter into government politics with the formation of many new parties. KAMMI officials also decided to continue the da'wah relay of Mohammad Natsir, which had been suspended for 38 years. By forming a new party called the Justice Party, it continued in the footsteps of the Masyumi Party's preaching. In 2002 the party changed its name to the Prosperous Justice Party due to its defeat in the 1998 elections. Until now, the Prosperous Justice Party has become one of the major parties in Indonesia with its highest position as chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly.
Education and government are two
things that cannot be separated from preaching. With these two things, we can
win people's hearts from all sides. Rasulullah did the same thing so that Islam
once controlled two-thirds of the world.
Entering the 21st century, nationalism is no longer a new item. Now it has become an official ideology in most countries of the world including Indonesia. Our great leader Bung Karno deliberately chose the teachings of nationalism as the foundation for the success of every Indonesian citizen. With nationalism, we can love and be more proud of our homeland. Simply, President Soekarno launched his action to spread the ideology of Pancasila with the help of nationalism to spread to all the people of Indonesia. But what exactly and where did nationalism come from as we know it?
Nationalism was born around the end of the 19th century, at which time the kingdom was the most widely used system of government in the world. Nationalism is also the aftermath of the French Revolution in the 18th century who wanted an absolute democracy in which power was truly full in the hands of the people not in the hands of the state or royal rulers. In this century too many countries that carried out the revolution left the kingdom system which tends to be feudalist and impartial towards a more democratic republic. With the principle of nationalism, they rebelled against the kingdom and formed self-government as happened in the Russian Tsar empire, German Wilhelm, Ottoman Turkey, and others. And a small part of nationalism turned into fascism that was too fanatical with its people so that it denigrated and even fought a nation that was not the same as it was in Germany.
But behind all these revolutions, it was not purely the desire of the people themselves but a suffered. This is evidenced by the peace of the people under the auspices of the kingdom for centuries and only wants a revolution in the 19th and 20th centuries. Something that doesn't make sense. If the people are not satisfied and the royal system is a broken system, why only in that century did the people ask for a revolution. This is only part of the plan of the global elite who want the world to submit to a power.
Before the world war, the people were under the authority of the kingdom that led it. Then the only way to take power is to invite the people to want to be released from the kingdom. but simply not the lure of the pure democracy they will get. But a mastery of the global elite wrapped neatly with democracy. If the people are not successfully instigated, they will pit one against between two or three more kingdoms so that the kingdom will gradually lose its territory and people. That is what happened in the two world wars. Where there are two groups but are in the same instigator. They make themselves look good by giving debt. But actually, debt is a trap so they can control the economy of a country. By indebtedness, we indirectly give power to the group that gives debt.
The same thing happened to the Ottoman Caliphs which initially all Muslim countries were under the auspices of one caliph. But because of many intruders, intelligence, incitement, suffered and other caliphs this one was split into many countries. They used the name nationalism as the strongest reason to separate themselves into an independent state. Finally, the caliphs with a glorious past story lost its power and lost itself.
Now
the glory of the big countries is only a memory. We must accept
the fact that we are now under the power of a global elite. Their ways are very cunning and dirty in
taking advantage of all over the world. Something that we think is good keeps all the very bad
secrets. The only way we can do it is to tie the community's understanding of what is.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, a figure known as the father of
the Turkish nation. Which changed the country of the two continents to a more
modern direction. In historical records, Ataturk is quite a controversial
figure. On the one hand, he is seen as having made a big difference to the
tulip-producing country, but on the other hand, he is known as the enemy of
Islam. Is an intelligent person who has unique thinking that makes some people
confused and amazed at him. Many assumptions say that this son of Zübeyde Hanım
is not accepted by Turkish society, but the reality on the ground is much
different. His photos were everywhere until there was a memorial of his death
known as Atatürk'ü Anma Günü
The figure and military career of the father of the nation
Born in the city of Selanik (Thessaloniki), Greece on May 19, 1881. He only has the real name, Mustafa. This was related to the Ottoman culture which only named children with one word. He was raised by Zübeyde Hanım after his father, Ali Rıza Efendi, who worked as a customs clerk, died when Mustafa was 7 years old. In history, the titles Efendi and Hanım only got their parents when Ataturk served as president of the Turkish republic.
From childhood, he was a smart figure. This was proven when he was in grade 4 elementary school and managed to achieve perfect scores which are rarely obtained by students in general. His military education began in secondary school at the military school Selanik and Manastır (Bitola), both centers of anti-Turkish Greek nationalism. His math teacher nicknamed him Kemal which means perfection because of his seemingly flawless intelligence. He graduated in 1905 with the rank of a lieutenant who was immediately sent to serve in Damascus. In Damascus, he immediately joined the secret group Vatan ve Hürriyet (Motherland and Freedom) which was an active opponent of the Ottoman Empire. Two years later he returned to Selanik and joined the Jön Türkler (Young Turks Movement) group.
He had brilliant achievements in the military so that in 1908 he had become a central figure who overthrew Sultan Abdülhamid II. His military career continued to rise until he became a commander at the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915. Where the Ottomans were in the central bloc with Germany against allies, namely Britain and France. Due to his success in preventing the allies from taking Ottoman rule in Istanbul via the Gallipoli Peninsula, he won the honorary titles of Gazi (the title of a hero who won the war) and Paşa (the honorary title of the Ottoman statesman).
His military career was
not always smooth, even though he had many achievements. It was proven in 1917
that he failed to fight against the Arab rebellion in Hejaz and to defend
Palestine which was piggybacked and controlled by the British. Because he was
pressured by the situation, he only chose to defend the territory of Turkey
which has been controlled to date. He is dubbed by some as an Islamic hero
because of his services in defending the Muslims from British attacks.
Political Career
Mustafa's revolution began in 1919 with the Amasya declaration formed by officers who supported the Young Turks movement. They felt dissatisfied with the government of the Ottoman Empire, which was retreating over time. So, they create a rival government in Ankara that uses a democratic system. This resulted in the Istanbul government increasingly losing its prestige and the people increasingly siding with the modern Ankara government.
With the formation of the Supreme National Council in Ankara, Mustafa was elected as the first prime minister of Turkey in 1920 to have complete control over Turkey. In contrast to Sultan Vahdettin, who at that time had no power and was only used as a symbol of the state. Until finally in 1922 the Ottoman Empire completely disappeared from the world. So that the most entitled to inherit the position were Mustafa who then declared the Republic of Turkey and himself as the first president and immediately took over all the assets owned by the Ottoman Empire.
When Turkey was carrying out a revolution, it did not necessarily change all aspects directly, but slowly adjusted to the needs of society. Although the Ottomans had collapsed, the caliphate continued until 1924 which was held by Abdülmecid II. The Khilafah is nothing more than a symbol of Muslim unity. Mustafa abolished the caliphate which according to him was a disease of the modern age. He also began eliminating Arabic characters and replacing them with Latin characters in the official Turkish spelling. Converts everything Arabic to Turkish to be understood by everyone. Changing all aspects from economic, social, political, and educational to including dress code. She is a strong advocate for women's freedom and gender equality. Regarding education, he is no joke, he wrote a book on education curriculum in Turkey so that he was nicknamed Başöğretmen (professor).
It
was not until 1934 that the Supreme Council of Turkey granted him the title
Atatürk in his last name. There is a lot of controversy in it that seems to
confirm his dictatorship during his presidency. But not a few also do not make
a problem because he served to Turkey. During his leadership, Turkey
implemented a one-party system with the CHP Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (Republican
People's Party) as the sole ruler.
Dead
Due to his habit of drinking alcohol, smoking, and having free sex, his health diminished over time. He also died at Dolmabahçe İstanbul Palace on November 10, 1938, at 09.05. It is also during this time that the Turkish community observes a moment of silence to commemorate his death.
He
willed that all his assets be used for the budget of the CHP Party, his
children, and relatives. The management of his body is carried out privately
using Islamic law. Then he was brought back to Ankara to follow government
funeral procedures. His relatives plan to preserve his remains. But as his body
became increasingly damaged, he was placed in a 42-ton macrophage housed in the
Ankara Ethnographic Museum before being transferred to Anıtkabir 15 years later.
Turkey's view of Ataturk
He is a hero of the Turks who saved them from colonialism and especially the ignorance that enveloped them during the Ottoman Empire. The Turks were a knight nation who liked to fight and were loyal to their superiors. Because it made some Ottoman sultans after the time of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman too obedient to Sufi scholars who did not love the world and change. So that scholars forbid new knowledge and can only teach Islam textually without logic. This period is the same as the dark ages of Europe which were ruled by priests who did not allow the people to think freely. In contrast to the Abbasids who had been the center of world knowledge for centuries. Coupled with the betrayal and corrupt practices committed by Janisary (Ottoman military). So that the Ottoman economic situation was getting worse and entangled in debt. The decline also occurred because there was no specific vision of the Ottoman sultans in building the country after the triumph of those who had conquered Byzantine and other areas. As if they only want to be in power without wanting to be responsible for governing the country.
Then came a reformer, namely Sultan Mahmud II, who carried out a revolution in the Ottomans but failed due to the unpreparedness of his people in facing science and the world economy because they had been isolated from the world for centuries. So, the destruction of the Ottomans is not an external factor but an internal factor itself that has been corrupted from within. Therefore, Ataturk took the initiative to carry out reforms in Turkey by eliminating the Ottoman Sultanate which was deemed to have failed to reform. He is also known as the voice of freedom. So that in his time he no longer obliged Sharia law, gave freedom of thought and opinion as widely as possible, and leveled the social class that was lame during the Ottoman era.
The view as an enemy of Islam
He is suspected of being a Jewish agent who was specially educated to destroy the Ottomans from within. Is one of the global elite stooges who want to rule the world but are blocked by two empires, each of which controls the east and west. Namely the Ottoman Turks and Tsarist Russia. Where in Russia was included the figure of Vladimir Lenin who changed ideology to become communist and Mustafa Kemal in Turkey who changed ideology to become secular. The Gallipoli War was only a work of British setting so that Ataturk could win over the people's hearts and could easily take over from the Ottoman Turks which made it easier for the global elite to rule the world.
His odd death is also considered a
punishment that God has given him. Because he was the one who abolished the
caliphate that had stood for 14 centuries. As well as his efforts to eliminate
the light of Islam that has shone brightly for 6 centuries in Turkey.
In essence, it all depends on how we look. It is necessary to know that
each human being has his purpose and purpose in carrying out an action that is
only his secret. But so far, the Turks still regard him as a national hero.
They respect him either out of self-awareness or compulsion because it has been
regulated by law.
Turkey, a country that is very strategically located between two continents, has made it the center of world civilization that has been going on since the beginning of the Middle Ages until now. Nothing wrong with the Republic of Turkey is the second-largest place for Indonesian students after Egypt. And most Indonesian students here are studying general science which makes it another option as a student paradise after the UK (United Kingdom), USA (United States of America), Germany, and other countries. Besides, the Republic of Turkey has a high religious value based on the historical background of the Ottoman Sultanate which makes it a more choice as a place of study for Muslim students from Indonesia. And Turkey has now since the leadership of President Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan becomes the center of civilization for world science, especially the Islamic world.
Indonesian students now have a special place in Turkish society. Some Turkish people are happy with the presence of Indonesian students who are known to have intelligence and hard work more than other foreign students. But is the relationship between Indonesia and Turkey only about education? It turns out that all did not happen by accident but had a series of histories that colored the relationship between the Republic of Indonesia and the Republic of Turkey.
Starting from the all-powerful event that destroyed mankind during the prophetic period of Noah, the US. Where there was a great flood that devastated the world in its entirety. All mankind perished, only Prophet Noah (AS) and his followers remained. After the great flood, the big ark landed on the land of Anatolia (present-day Turkey) and is said to have now become a mount called Mount Ağrı. Then the Prophet Noah divided his people into 3 groups, each of which was led by a son. The first group was led by Sam, who became the forerunner of the descendants of the Arabs who originally settled in Central Asia. The second group was led by Ham who became the forerunner of the African nation which still lives in the Arika region. The latter was a group led by the Yafists who became the forerunners of the Mongols who settled in Sundaland (possibly the Atlantic called by Plato).
These Yafist descendants later became the center of human civilization at that time. With technological advances that have defeated other nations. Sundaland also has a wide variety of biodiversity and very rich natural resources. Just like the archipelago today. Until finally the nation's civilization was destroyed with a very devastating natural disaster which resulted in the sinking of part of the Sundaland area so that it was divided into various islands. The Yafists then scattered to find shelter, mostly going to Mongol territory. This history happened exactly as told by Plato about Atlantis.
Several centuries later the Mongol people who were synonymous with nomadic nations scattered about looking for new areas to live in. One group has returned to the Sundaland region (which has become the archipelago) which became the ancestral origin of the Indonesian nation. There is one group called Ya'juj Ma'juj who love to do damage. Ya'juj Ma'juj have 21 tribes, which in the end King Zulkarnain acted to lock up the 21 tribes inside a very strong wall. The greatest king who obeyed Allah, the ruler of the east and west of the world. But unfortunately, only 20 tribes were successfully locked up, the rest were left behind so people call them the Türk tribe, which comes from Arabic الترك which means left behind. The Türk tribe then turned into a large nation which then split up as was the custom of their ancestors. Finally, in the Abbasid era, the Turks began to embrace Islam and were assigned to protect the land of Anatolia (Asia Minor) from the attacks of the East Romans. Until in the end, the Abbasids collapsed due to the Mongol invasion by Hulagu Khan, who was still related to the Turkic people. But the Turks did not betray the Abbasids and thus kept the Anatolian lands even though the dynasty had collapsed. After knowing that no one else was home to them, the Turks began to build a new dynasty known as the Selçuklu Devleti (Seljuk State) which inherited the Abbasid caliphate which had been divided into Mamluks in Egypt and Seljuks in Anatolia. Two centuries later Selcuk also collapsed due to the Mongol invasion again in the late 13th century
The initiative then emerged in a town called SoÄŸut in Anatolia. Osman Gazi was based on his dream of reuniting the tribes that had separated after the fall of the Seljuks. Assisted by Shaykh Edebali who was his teacher and father-in-law, and the position of his father ErtuÄŸrul Gazi who was the leader of the tribes and regions made it easy to unite the tribes that became the forerunners of the largest Islamic empire that ruled from West Africa to Uzak DoÄŸu (the Far East means Archipelago region).
This dynasty was given the name Osmanlı Devleti (Ottoman State), after the name of the imperial founder. Until finally 2 centuries after the incident, to be precise in 1413 Çelebi Sultan Mehmet (5th Ottoman Sultan) had a dream from the Prophet to send a messenger to Uzak Doğu (Nusantara) as a mission to preach Islam. Then 9 people were selected selectively by the Sultan, consisting of scholars and habibs, one of which was Shaykh Jumadil Kubro and his son Maulana Malik Ibrahim (Sunan Gresik) who came from Uzbekistan.
Shaykh Jumadil Kubro went to Sulawesi while Sunan Gresik went to Champa Kingdom (present Cambodia) and married the royal princess before going to Java. At that time the ruling king was Brawijaya from Majapahit who had a wife named Siu Ban Chi (son of Shaykh Bantiong from East Turkistan / Uygur) who was a relative of Sunan Gresik. He then had a son named Raden Fatah who was the founder of the Demak Kingdom. Namely, the kingdom which later inherited Majapahit (because Raden Fatah was still a descendant of Brawijaya) so that it became the center of the Islamic kingdom's civilization at that time. In 1479 Raden Fatah was brought to Istanbul and inaugurated by Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Sultan Muhammad Al Fatih, the 7th Sultan of the Ottoman). De facto the archipelago (former Majapahit and Demak) was controlled by the Utsmani Khilafahan.
In 1527, Indonesia experienced a conquest similar to what happened 76 years ago in Istanbul. The conquerors were both named Fatih or what we now call Fatahillah. The lands he conquered would later become the capital of a great nation. And the foundation is still the same, "Inna fatahna laka fathan mubina." A symbol of freedom and victory. At that time Sunda Kelapa was controlled by the Portuguese who were carrying out Christianization and territorial monopoly. Fatahillah (who is Raden Fatah's son-in-law) immediately took action to fight back. In the name of Allah, he finally managed to free the city and gave it the name Fathan Mubina (in the local language it is called Jayakarta or Jakarta). Like Constantinople which changed its name to Fatih City (the last area of Constantinople which is located inside the fort which is now a district of Istanbul City).
The relationship between the Uthmani Khilafah and the Archipelago did not only occur in Java. But it also happened in the Sultanate of Aceh, which is in the western part of the archipelago. Beginning in 1565, Aceh became the de facto Ottoman territory. Namely during the reign of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman (Sulaiman Agung, the 10th Ottoman Sultan), at which time the Ottomans were at their peak. Until finally, when the Portuguese and Dutch colonization occurred in the Sultanate of Aceh, it could not be separated from the assistance of the Ottoman, who was then led by Sultan Abdülhamid 2 (the last Islamic caliph in full power). Because of his massive assistance, Aceh became the only area that was never controlled by the Dutch.
Until 1922-1945 the Yogyakarta and Surakarta palaces (continued dynasty of the Demak Kingdom) were the last remaining Ottoman de facto areas in Indonesia. This was proven by the existence of the caliphate banner that was given by the Utsmani to Yogyakarta. After the collapse of the Ottomans in 1922 many Muslim countries lost their fathers. The same fate was felt by the Yogyakarta Palace which had to fight the Dutch alone. Until finally 23 years later the independence of the Republic of Indonesia was proclaimed which was also assisted by Yogyakarta. Indirectly, the Utsmani also played a role in the achievement of Indonesian independence.
Not only that, but President Soekarno also began to introduce the songkok which is a type of Fes (the cap of the sultan and the Ottoman aristocrat). Until finally it became an official object used in Indonesia and some other Malay countries. President Soekarno also participated in finding Imam Bukhari's tomb which was a joy for the people of Uzbekistan (Uzbekistan is also still of Turkic descent). None other than remuneration for Islamization in Indonesia by Sunan Gresik, who came from Uzbekistan.
In short, Indonesia would
never have become a country with the largest Muslim population in the world
without the participation of the Ottoman Empire. Even though in some historical
records it is said that one of the prophet's companions had stopped in Sumatra
to preach Islam. Maybe if that was all that happened, the spread of Islam had
never run massively and maybe it would only have spread on the island of
Sumatra. And it is impossible to penetrate the 209.12 million people as it is
today.
As president of the Republic of Turkey, Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan is
widely heard in various media. From his achievements to bring the glory of the
Republic of Turkey when he was prime minister and president to his bravery in
the international political arena. His vision has earned him the reputation of
being one of the most influential figures in the Islamic world of the 21st
century and earning him the nickname "European Lion." What is the
true figure of a leader with a strong vision and how far has his career gone
from then until now? Let's see.
Childhood
Born in BeyoÄŸlu district located in the metropolitan city of Istanbul, Turkey on February 26, 1954. Born with the real name Recep Tayyip. His parents named him Recep because he was born to coincide with the month of Rajab. And there used to be a high priest named Tayyip so he also called him by that name which means goodness. Erdogan is his surname which comes from his father Captain Ahmet ErdoÄŸan, a Turkish Navy Officer in charge of guarding the Black sea coastline. His father's family came from Georgia and his mother's family came from Kurdistan, but because Georgia and Kurdistan were one country (Ottoman Turkey) then he still holds the status of a Turkish citizen.
His childhood was spent in Rize with 4 other siblings. A city on the coast of the Black Sea. He was born in a difficult family situation that forced him to earn money from childhood by selling snacks. Then he collected the money from the sale to buy several books. He is known as a bookworm. His basic education begins in the city of Istanbul with formal education. He began to receive intensive religious education at Ä°stanbul Ä°mam Hatip Lisesi (high school) which is adjacent to International Fatih Sultan Mehmet Ä°mam Hatip Lisesi which is now the benchmark for all Imam Hatip schools in Turkey and several places in the world.
During
his education in high school, he pursued his hobby as a footballer at the
Camıaltıspor club. While working on the side at the Istanbul transportation
company (Ä°ETT) as a minor employee. Then he continued his undergraduate
education at the University of Marmara, Faculty of economics and business while
continuing his hobby of playing football at a semi-amateur club called Erokspor
which is owned by BeyoÄŸlu District.
Political Career
His political career began in 1975 where he was elected chairman of the Istanbul city branch of the National Salvation Party (MSP). After the coup in 1980, several parties were banned and including one of them (MSP). Therefore Erdogan followed in the footsteps of his teacher Prof. Necmettin Erbakan, who formed a new party, namely the Refah Partisi (Welfare Party). In 1982 he was elected chairman of the BeyoÄŸlu district branch of the Welfare Party and within 3 years he rose to prominence as chairman of the Istanbul City Welfare Party. His career journey has not always been smooth, he has participated in the mayoral election for the BeyoÄŸlu district but failed, as did the election of people's representatives for the Province of Siirt and Istanbul in the next period. Until finally on the third try, he succeeded in becoming the people's representative of the Istanbul Province. Due to the Welfare Party's soaring votes exceeding 10% in 1991. In 1994 the Welfare Party became the largest party in Turkey in the local elections which made it elected as Metropolitan Mayor of Great Istanbul.
Due to his achievements during his tenure as mayor, he managed to take a public image. Coupled with some controversy that makes people curious about his figure. This is evidenced by some of his poetry which is considered too striking against Islam and his courage to convey it directly in the community, making him sentenced to prison for several months. Because the state considers itself to have violated the secular ideology that has been adhered to by Turkey for decades.
In 1997 there was another coup which led to the resignation of the then prime minister of Turkey Necmettin Erbakan and the banning of the Welfare Party from politics. Then Erdogan took the initiative to take swift action by forming a new party, namely the AKP (Justice and Development Party) with the permission of his teacher Erbakan Hoca. Until finally with the party, he was elected Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey in 2004 who served for two terms. This is a surprising result considering that the party which is not more than 5 years old has managed to control more than half of the parliament which made it elected prime minister. Not only that, the people of Turkey still gave their trust to hold the mandate as President of the Republic of Turkey since 2014.
At the age of office, he was almost six years old. Regardless of who will replace him, there has been a lot of controversy and twists and turns that have occurred throughout his tenure. One thing that may confuse us. Why is the militancy force of Erdogan's supporters so great compared to us in Indonesia? It turns out that the secret is in Erdogan who socializes to the wider community without distinguishing whoever it is. For him, in life, there is no eternal enemy so that he can embrace all the beliefs of society. Even though we know, Erdogan is an Islamist person. It should be noted, the ideology of secularism has succeeded in changing 70-75% of the Turkish people who previously had Islamic ideology under the auspices of the Ottoman Turks. So it will be a difficult challenge for Erdogan if he only takes the trust of Islamic circles. So he uses a slow da'wah strategy where he does not spread hatred and prohibition against people who do not implement Islamic law. He also slowly changed the law to something more Islamic. So that currently the ideology of Erdoganism is known, which wants to replace the current Kemalism and change Turkey back to its heyday in the days of the Ottoman Empire.
During his tenure, he succeeded in bringing Turkey to something more modern and viewed by the world. Now Turkey has become one of the countries chosen to become a world civilization from the economic, social, and the biggest is education. Even though during his leadership there was a lot of hatred from outside and inside. Starting from the economic crisis that Turkey experienced in 2017 to its confrontation with the PKK and the Syrian conflict. Until at its peak there was a coup that wanted to overthrow him on July 15, 2016.
Erdogan and the Coup Incident
There is something unique about this coup. Throughout the history
of Turkish politics, it is quite hot, where there have been 4 coups, and only
this time it failed. Although there are many victims from the civilian and
military circles. Due to Erdogan's charisma before his people, most loved him
and were even willing to die to defend himself at the top of the leadership
hierarchy of the Republic of Turkey. Back again because Erdogan managed to win
the hearts of his people peacefully. In contrast to the coup of President Mursi
in 2013, where he was successfully deposed and jailed for his mistakes in
changing Egypt. The situation in Egypt at that time was the same as that of a
secular Turkey. But suddenly Mursi immediately changed everything to be based
on sharia so that he lost most of the trust of his people who would have helped
him when the coup was launched.
Not everyone likes Erdogan
Although his achievements are extraordinary, not a few people hate his figure. Many have accused Erdogan of only wanting to take the voice of the world's Muslims for the benefit of his promotion. The 2016 coup was thought to be just a scenario to win over the Turkish people. Erdogan's figure lately is too 'embracing' so that he seems to submit to superpowers like America and Russia. He had lost his reputation for being brave and not submitting to anyone in his early tenure. Mastery of his native language seems to be lacking because he always uses Turkish at every international meeting. Back again to introduce the Turkish language to the world. His glamorous habits make some people comment that there are still poor people who need this money rather than for their lifestyle.
In
essence, it all depends on where our perspective is looking. It is also
inseparable that each person has their secrets and intentions in doing
something. Based on the facts, there are still more people who like him than
people who hate him. Erdogan, the European Lion.
When Zulaikha pursued Yusuf's love, Allah kept Yusuf away from him. When Zulaikha pursued Allah's love, Allah brought Joseph closer to him. QS. Yusuf: 23-53
Let us now look back at history. Is it from Chaliph Muawwiyah (Ummayah Dynasty) to Caliph Abdülmecid 2 (Ottoman Dynasty) included in the criteria of a caliphate? no bro!
Those who fall into the category of caliphate according to the words of the prophet are the only Khulafaurrasyidin. The rest adhered to a royal system that adopted unilateral thinking and feudalism. And is such a caliphate system what we want?
Many of us are mistaken in seeing the meaning of the caliphate. Actually, the caliphate is the realization of the struggle, not the goal of the struggle.
Returning to the true goal of Islam, namely rahmatan lil 'alamin. Which gives peace to the world. So it is wrong if we establish a caliphate without looking at the benefit of other people.
Peace can never exist without prosperity. Prosperity can never exist without justice. And justice can never exist without unity.
In simple terms, what we have to do now is how to build unity over all mankind and throw away all self-interest and group interests. But that is impossible. So Islam exists as an intermediary for this. With the Al Quran being revealed systematically and content, it becomes a tool to enforce justice.
Forget the Islamic country. Our job is how to invite people to the path of justice. Without coercion and bloodshed. And the caliphate will gradually present itself.
Welcome to the New World Order ...
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Turkey, a country that is very strategically located between two continents, has made it the center of world civilization that has been goi...
